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KPSEA Geade 6 Free Exams Downloads
KIS 2022 KPSEA.pdf
INT SCI 2022 KPSEA.pdf
ENG 2022 KPSEA.pdf
MAT 2022 KPSEA.pdf
CASS 2022 KPSEA.pdf
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Physics is one of the subjects offered at Kenyan high schools. It is classified as a Science and tested at the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education, KCSE. It falls in the same category as Biology and Chemistry; the other sciences. Physics, just like Biology and Chemistry.
There a number of resources that can be of great help to teachers and students; more so those preparing to sit the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education, KCSE, examinations. In this post be sure to find a good number of such resources as: Notes, KCSE Past Papers, Schemes of Work, Assignments, Termly examination papers, Marking schemes, lesson plans, charts, topical revision resources and many more. Download the resources at no charge by clicking each of the links below. Please note that you can also print and even share this article to benefit someone.
Join Telegram Group by using this link for a wide range of educational materials, at zero cost; TEACHERS’ SOFT COPY HUB- TELEGRAM
Here are the resources:
FOR A COMPLETE GUIDE TO ALL SCHOOLS IN KENYA CLICK ON THE LINK BELOW;
Here are links to the most important news portals:
Get free Chozi la heri resources, at no cost. Get free Chozi la heri Notes in pdf, Chozi la heri online notes, Chozi la heri Maudhui, chozi la heri notes pdf download free download and chozi la heri uchambuzi pdf download.
Click on the links below
LOWER PRIMARY RESOURCES (PP1-2 & GRADE 1-6)
Below is a collection of free grade one examinations for all learning areas. Download a pdf Copy of the CBC assessments below by clicking here; GRADE ONE EXAMS PDF.
Grade 1 CBC Exams For Term 1 to 3, Free PDF.
COMPETENCE BASED ASSESMENT
GRADE 1 YEAR _____________
END TERM __ EXAMS (MONITORING LEARNERS PROGRESS)
ENGLISH/LITERACY ACTIVITIES TIME:
NAME:
LEARNER UPI: GENDER: BOY GIRL
| No. of questions correct | |
| Performance level |
SCHOOL NAME
ANSWER ALL QUESTION IN THE SPACES PROVIDED
Use “am” or “are” to fill in the blanks spaces
Fill in the blank spaces using plural of the words in Brackets.
Fill in the gaps using “this”, “that”
This is a
Fill in the letters
Fill in the blank spaces by adding “-ed” at the end of the doing words in bracket
Use the letter box below to make two complete words.
| S | T | V | N |
| R | A | C | R |
| I | M | E | L |
Use “my”, “our”, “Its” to fill in the gaps
Match the item below with its name using an arrow.
| 17. | Mobile phone
|
|
| 18. | Bell
|
|
| 19. | Television
|
Use “these”, “those” to fill the gaps
Read the passage bellow and answer the following questions that follows
Kevin has a bicycle. Kelly has a bicycle too. They like riding. One day as they were riding, Kelly had an accident. He broke his legs. His three friends visited him
____________________________________________
GRADE ONE EXAMS
COMPETENCE BASED ASSESMENT
GRADE 1 YEAR _____________
END TERM __ EXAMS (MONITORING LEARNERS PROGRESS)
ENVIRONMENTAL/C.R.E ACTIVITIES TIME:
NAME: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
LEARNER UPI: GENDER:GIRL BOY
| No. of questions correct | ENVIRONMENTAL | C.R.E |
| Performance level |
SCHOOL NAME
Answer all questions in the spaces provided
What is the weather today?
It is
Match the picture of the animal with its name
| Animal | Name | |
| 9. | Cat | |
| 10. | Cow | |
| 11. | Lion |
(Tree, Banana)
Match the items below and where they are found.
| Item | Where found | |
| 20. | Sitting room | |
| 21. | Bedroom | |
| 22. | Kitchen |
CHRISTIAN RELIGIONS EDUCATION
(Samson, David)
(Tear, read)
We
(Play, Worship)
GRADE ONE EXAMS
COMPETENCE BASED ASSESMENT
GRADE 1 YEAR _____________
END TERM __ EXAMS (MONITORING LEARNERS PROGRESS)
ENVIRONMENTAL/C.R.E ACTIVITIES TIME:
NAME: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
LEARNER UPI: GENDER:GIRL BOY
| No. of questions correct | ENVIRONMENTAL | C.R.E |
| Performance level |
SCHOOL NAME
Answer all questions in the spaces provided
What is the weather today?
It is
Match the picture of the animal with its name
| Animal | Name | |
| 9. | Cat | |
| 10. | Cow | |
| 11. | Lion |
(Tree, Banana)
Match the items below and where they are found.
| Item | Where found | |
| 20. | Sitting room | |
| 21. | Bedroom | |
| 22. | Kitchen |
CHRISTIAN RELIGIONS EDUCATION
(Samson, David)
(Tear, read)
We
(Play, Worship)
GRADE ONE EXAMS
COMPETENCE BASED ASSESMENT
GRADE 1 YEAR _____________
END TERM __ EXAMS (MONITORING LEARNERS PROGRESS)
KISWAHILI MUDA:
NAME: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
LEARNER UPI: GENDER: BOY GIRL
| No. of questions correct | |
| Performance level |
SCHOOL NAME: ………………………………………………………………….
Jibu maswali yote
Toa majibu ya maamkuzi yafuatyo.
Ambatanisha picha na jina
| 3. | Baisikeli | |
| 4. | Kifutio | |
| 5. | Kitabu | |
| 6. | Meza |
Andika majina ya tarakimu zifuatazo
_____________________(Jumapili, Jumanne)
Tumia silabi katika jedwali ifuatayo kuunda maneno mawili
| Ma | U | Ma | a |
Andika sentensi zifuatazo katika wingi
______________________________________
Tumia “-angu”, “-etu” kujaza pengo.
Jaza pengo kwa kutumia “huyu”, “hawa”
Jaza nafasi kwa silabi ifaayo.
Soma hadithi ifuatayo kisha ujibu maswali yafuatayo
Mimi ni Fila. Nina umri wa miaka saba. Niko gredi ya kwanza. Ninaishi na wazazi wangu. Mimi hupenda kula matunda. Kila siku baba huniletea matunda kama parachichi, mchungwa na ndizi.
GRADE ONE EXAMS
COMPETENCE BASED ASSESMENT
GRADE 1 YEAR _____________
END TERM __ EXAMS (MONITORING LEARNERS PROGRESS)
MATHEMATICS ACTIVITIES TIME:
NAME: …………………………………………………………………………………………
LEARNER UPI: GENDER: BOY GIRL
| STRAND | NUMBERS | MEASUREMENT | GEOMETRY |
| Question Number | 1 – 15 | 16-20 | 21-24 |
| No. of questions correct | |||
| Performance level |
SCHOOL NAME
Answer all questions in the spaces provided
| Number | Object |
13, 14, 15, , 17, 18
5, , ,
16 – 9 =
9 + = 16
+ 10
(Evening, morning, afternoon)
And is
Stick A is than stick B
Q is as R (Less, same)
GRADE ONE EXAMS
COMPETENCE BASED ASSESMENT
GRADE 1 YEAR _____________
END TERM __ EXAMS (MONITORING LEARNERS PROGRESS)
MOVEMENT/CREATIVE ARTS/MUSIC ACTIVITIES TIME:
NAME: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
LEARNER UPI: GENDER: BOY GIRL
| No. of questions correct | ||
| Performance level | ||
SCHOOL NAME
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN THE SPACES PROVIDED
_____________________ (hooting, puffing)
________________________________
(necklace, bracelet)
_____________________
(Circle, oval)
______________ (dances, running)
Match the animal and the sound
GRADE ONE EXAMS
COMPETENCE BASED ASSESMENT
GRADE 1 YEAR _____________
END TERM __ EXAMS (MONITORING LEARNERS PROGRESS)
READING ALOUD/KUSOMA TIME:
NAME: ………………………………………………………………………………………………………
LEARNER UPI: GENDER: BOY GIRL
| No. of questions correct | ||
| Performance level | ||
SCHOOL NAME
READ ALOUD THE FOLLOWING WORDS
Read aloud the following sentences
SOMA MANENO YAFUATAYO KWA UFASAHA
SOMA SENTENSI ZIFUATAZO KWA UFASAHA
COMMONLY KCPE TESTED QUESTIONS
KISWAHILI
200 PREDICTION QUESTIONS
Time: 2 Hours 30 Mins
Soma vifungu vifuatavyo. Vina nafasi 1 mpaka 15. Jaza mapengo.
Tunapotia guu katika __1__ __2__, walimu wetu wapendwa wanaendelea kutupa__3__huku tukifunzwa mengi kama vile __4__ ambavyo hutoa taarifa kuhusu vitenzi, vivumishi na hata vielezi. Huku hayo yakiendelea, tumepata __5__ kufahamu akisami pia, __6__, __7__ ambayo ni sehemu moja ya saba. Kwa moyo wa shukrani, __8__ kuwapa kongole mzomzo.
Kristina alipojiangalia tena__9__ kioo, aligundua kuwa uso wake uliokuwa __10__na kufanya mabaka sasa ulianza kurudisha unyevuunyevu wa awali. __11__ mauti ya mume wake yapata majuma mawili __12__ yalimdhoofisha, __13__ kuwa __14__. Kwa vyovyote vile, ilimpasa kuyazika ya kale na kuendelea na safari ya maisha japo kwa kuuma __15__.
Jaza nafasi zilizoachwa wazi kuanzia 16 – 30 kukamilisha vifungu vifuatavyo:-
Nina uhakika __16__ mwendo wa usiku wa manane hivi. Mlio wa __17__ yangu ndio ulionigutusha. Niliinua __18__. Lo! Ilikuwa ni sauti ya Mluna wangu aliyekuwa akizimbua __19__ huko ughaibuni. Baada ya maamkizi, alitaka, bila kupoteza mwia, ni atumie maelezo fulani kwa njia ya faksi. Nami kwa kuwa sikuwa na huduma hiyo ya __20__, nilimweleza ningetuma kwa __21__ “Haidhuru.” alisema. Kutokana na ukosefu wa __22__ simu ilikatika. Hata hivyo, ujumbe ulikuwa umewasilishwa. Bila kupoteza wakati, nilichukua __23__ na kuanza kuandika maelezo yale. Kwa ndege nzuri, tarakilishi hiyo ilikuwa imeunganishwa na __24__. Papo hapo nikamtumia ujumbe.
Kukutana __25__ naye kulikuwa kwa sadfa. Nilikuwa __26__ kondeni __27__. __28__. Mara nikamwona kijana Skambe __29__ barasteni. Hali yake ilisikitisha kutokana na __30__ ulevi haramu
Soma vifungu vifuatavyo. Vina nafasi 31 hadi 15, Jaza mapengo yaliyomo kwenye vifungo.
Wahenga ______31_______ waliposema kuwa ______32______. Watahiniwa wengi huandika insha ______33______ mithili ya vipofu pasi na kutambua _______34______uandishi wa insha.
Kama yalivyo maswali mengine katika mitihani ______35______ uandishi wa insha vilevile ni ______36______ kujibiwa kwa kuzingatia ______37______ yanayotolewa kabla ya swali lenyewe. Jambo la ajabu ni kwamba, wengi wa wanafunzi huanza tu kuandika ______38______ ya kuisoma sehemu hii muhimu. Amri ya mtahini ni muhimu sana na ni sharti ifuatwe kikamilifu.
Fisi alikuwa amezoea _______39________ kwa muda mrefu sana. Maisha yake ya kuiparamia _______40______ na wanyama wengine yalikuwa yamemshinda. Hii ni ______41______ wanyama kama simba na chui waliyateketeza mabaki ya mawindo yao. Aliamua kuanza kufanya ______42______. Alitengeneza silaha kama mishale ili kuwawinda wanyama wengine,jambo ambalo lilikuwa limepingwa vikali na mfalme wao. Tendo hilo lilikuwa ______43______. Juhudi zake ______44______ kwani mishale yake ilikuwa ______45______ na haingemudu kumfuma mnyama yeyote.
Soma vifungu vifuatavyo. Vina nafasi 46 mpaka 60. Jaza mapengo.
Ijumaa 46 tulimtembelea Fauzia. Tulipofika kwake 47 kwa mikono miwili. 48 sebuleni ambapo tuliipata familia yake pamoja wakitazama kipindi fulani 49 runinga. Tuliandaliwa 50 wali, nyama, mboga na matunda. 51 mwenyeji kupiga dua, tulianza kula. Tulipomaliza chakula 52 tulishauriana na mwenyeji wetu na 53 kuhusu mradi wetu wa maji 54 utakinufaisha kijiji chetu. Kisha tukamuaga alamsiki naye akatujibu 55 .
Tunapaswa kuwa na moyo wakusaidiana 56 ilivyokuwa zamani. 57 mmoja wetu 58 msaada kwa ajili ya jambo fulani, inafaa tumsaidie bila 59 . Tukifanya hivyo, tutakuwa pia tunajiwekea akiba maishani kwani 60 .
Kutoka swali la 61 hadi 120, jibu swali kulingana na maagizo 61.Chagua maelezo yaliyo sahihi.
Mwalimu kwa hasira aliwaamuru wanafunzi wote wapige magoti na kumaliza kazi yao ya ziada. Mwalimu
Kauleni aliadhibiwa vikali ________________________ kufukuzwa shuleni.
Mzungu analala na ndevu ziko nie.
Ni heri nivumilie shida kuliko kuiba a.Ni bora niibe nikiwa na shida
Matilda-
Ninakipenda chakula hiki kwa sababu chenyewe ni kitamu.
i.Mvua ilinyesha ndogo ndogo ii.Mvua ilinyesha kidogo kidogo
Malkia wa kijiji ana macho ya kikon:be.
Mgeni anakuja kwangu
“Wanafunzi wawa hawa ndio waliotia fora mtihanini, “mwalimu mkuu alisema.
Wastaafu wote walilipwa zaidi ya karibu milioni moja.
Ni kwa nini umenmpa funguo za nyumba yako ________________ unajua kuwa yeye ni mwizi?
Mfanyakazi ambaye atafanya bidii atapandishwa madaraka.
Ubavu wa mnyama wangu umevunjwa na jirani mwenye wivu.
Ngoja ngoja huumiza mtu matumbo?
Mti ule wa mchungwa ulizaa tunda tamu.
‘Wachezaji wa soka huhimizana kufanya mazoezi kila siku’. ‘na’ imetumika kuonyesha:
Tamira alipika wali. Wali ulikuwa kwa Riziki.
i.Chanda chema huvikwa pete. ii.Chumia juani ulie kivulini. iii.Mcheza kwao hutuzwa.
iv.Mfuata nyuki hakosi asali.
Soma kifungu kifuatacho kisha ujibu maswali 121 hadi 130.
Hadithi! Hadithi! Hapo zamani za kale kabla ya majabali kukauka, kuku na mwewe walikuwa marafiki wa dhati. Usahibu wao ulikuwa ule wa kufa kuzikana. Waliishi pamoja kwa miaka na mikaka. Walishirikiana na kusaidiana katika lolote lililotokea, la furaha na la majonzi.
Walifanya kazi pamoja. Kila mmoja alijitahidi kadiri ya uwezo wake. Walishirikiana kama kinu na mchi. Bega kwa bega, walifanya kazi zao. Mwewe alijitwika jukumu la kulisha familia zote mbili naye kuku alikuwa na jukumu la kuwalinda watoto wao. Kuku alihakikisha wameshiba na kutulia.
Ndege hawa waliishi kwa amani na utulivu bila kukumbwa na tatizo lililowashinda kutatua. Urafiki wao ulifanya wakati mwingine walale njaa ili watoto wao washibe.
Siku moja walipata barua ya ualishi kutoka kwa ndege wenzao. Karamu ya kukata kwa shoka ilikuwa iandaliwe. Mwewe aliwatayarisha wanawe kwa sherehe. Kuku aligundua kuwa vifaranga wake walikuwa na kucha ndefu zilizowaaibisha. Hivyo, aliamua kumwomba mwewe wen.be. Mwewe alimpa wembe bila kusita kisha akamwambia, “Hakikisha kwamba umerudisha wembe wangu mara moja.”
Kuku alitekeleza wajibu wake kwa haraka. Muda si muda, familia hizo mbili zikang’oa nanga kwa furaha. Karamun, kila mmoja na watoto wake alibugia mapochopocho. Vinywaji vilikuwa tele. Baada ya sherehe, walirejea nyumbani.
Siku iliyofuata, mwewe alimtuma mtoto wake kwa kuku kuuchukua wembe ili wanyolewe. Kuku alipigwa na butwaa alipogundua kwamba wembe wa mwewe haukuwapo. Wasiwasi ulimvamia mara moja. Huku na kule, alianza kuchakurachakura. Jasho lilimtiririka lakini wapi! Juhudi zake hazikumfaa.
Mtoto wa mwewe aliripoti haya kwa mama yake. Bila kungoja, mwewe alifika nyumbani kwa kuku. “Aka! Hujui wewe kuwa wembe huo ni mmoja kama moyo? Lazima nitwae fidia. Nitawala vifaranga wako mmoja mmoja hadi unirejeshee wembe wangu.” Maneno hayo yalimchoma kuku moyoni kama mkuki. Tangu siku hiyo, kuku huchakurachakura huku na kule akiutafuta wembe wa mwewe. Naye mwewe huruka juu akiwasaka vifaranga wa kuku.
Soma kifungu kifuatacho kisha ujibu maswali 131 hadi 140.
Je, ni mnyama yupi mwenye nyayo kama za kasuku, awezaye kutazama pande zote kwa wakati mmoja na mwenye ulimi wenye kasi isiyomithilika? Si ndege, si chura bali ni kinyonga. Kwa makini ukichunguza vidole vya kinyonga, utagundua kuwa, kiaina, vinafanana na vya kasuku. Kila mguu unavyo vidole vitano vyenye upekee wa kuyakamata matawi sawasawa. Aidha, kila kidole kinao ukucha, hivyo, kuwafanya vinyonga wakwezi hodari.
Si miguu yao tu ambayo huajabiwa katika miili yao. Kwa mtazamo wa makini, itadhihirika kuwa katika kila moja ya macho yao, ukope wa juu na wa chini hukaribiana kiasi cha kuacha nafasi ya mboni pekee. Kinyume na binadamu, kinyonga huweza kutazama na kuona pande mbili tofauti mara moja, kwa wakati mmoja. Hili humwezesha kuona kwa nyuzi mia tatu na sitini bila tatizo. Vile vile, wao huwa na uwezo mkubwa wa kuona hususan wakiyaelekeza macho yao yote mawili katika azma moja. Wana uwezo wa kuwaona wadudu wadogo wadogo hata wakiwa mbali. Hili huwasaidia sana wakati wa mawindo.
Ili kulipiza katika utaratibu wao wa kutembea, vinyonga huwa na ndimi ndefu ajabu. Wakati mwingine, ndefu kuliko urefu wa miili yao kwa jumla! Yasemekana kuwa ndimi hizo zao huwa na kasi kiasi kuwa ni vugumu binadamu kuufuatilia mwondoko huo kwa macho. Ni kwa vipi ambavyo ndimi zao huwa na kasi hivyo? Hakika, ndimi zao huwa kama upote na mshale au manati. Jinsi ambavyo upote hurusha mshale ndivyo ambavyo ulimi wa kinyonga hutoka na kuingia kinywani mwake na hivyo kumsaidia kulinasa windo lake.
Talanta nyingine maarufu ya kinyonga ni uwezo wake wa kubadilibadili rangi ya ngozi yake. Anao uwezo wa kujibadili hadi rangi zote za upinde wa mvua na hata zambarau, waridi, nyeusi na hudhurungi. Uwezo huu huwasaidia kujificha kwa kujifananisha na mazingira waliyomo. Hata hivyo, sababu kuu ya uwezo huu huwa kudhibiti kiwango cha joto mwilini na kuelekeza hisia zao. Wao hutumia mabadiliko haya ya rangi kuonyesha hali ya kutamalaki na utetezi katika maeneo wanamoishi. Mabadiliko haya ya rangi aidha hutumika kuwavutia vinyonga wa jinsia tofauti.
Vinyonga wengi hupatikana Afrika. Hata hivyo, matabaka mengine machache yamewahi kushuhudiwa kwingineko kama vile Asia na pia majangwani. Maadamu vinyonga hawana masikio, wao hutumia hisia za mirindimo katika mazingira yao. Hayo yote ya kuajabia kuhusu kinyonga humfanya awe mwanajamii wa kuvutia mno miongoni mwa wanyama jamii ya mamba na mburukenge.
Soma taarifa ifuatayo kisha ujibu maswali 141-150:-
Ilikuwa Jumamosi. Nilifika nyumbani kwangu saa moja jioni. Tangu nistaafu miaka miwili awali sikupenda kuchelewa Taarifa ya Habari.
Mwezi mmoja ukawa umepita tangu nipewe pesa za kiinua mgongo. Mwezi mmoja mzima nilkuwa katika shughuli za kulipa karo huku. Kuwekeza kwenye mradi ule na kununua hili. Sasa shilingi laki mbili tu zilikuwa zimesalia katika benki.
Watu wengi walinishawishi nijaribu kilimo cha mahindi. Bei ilikuwa imeanza kuimarika. Katika taarifa ya habari jioni hiyo, Waziri wa Kilimo alitangaza bei mpya. Shilingi 1,500 kwa kila gunia. Nami nilikuwa naaza kuumakinikia mradi huu.
Baada ya taarifa, nilikoga, nikala na nikaenda kulala. Kwa sababu ya uchovu, usingizi ulinichukua mara moja. Usingizini niliota. Katika ndoto niliutekeleza mradi wangu. Msimu huo wa kulima nilitenga ekari kumi za shamba langu. Wataalamu walinishauri kuwa wakati mzuri wa kulima ni wa kiangazi. Mwezi wa Januari ulipoanza tu nilitafuta trekta na kulima. Malipo yalikuwa shilingi 1,200 kila ekari. Katikati ya mwezi wa Machi, nilitafuta treka la kutifua shamba tena kwa gharama ya shilingi 15,000 ekari zote kumi. Kufuatia ushauri wa manyakanga wa kilimo, nililipa shilingi elfu kumi na tatu kupiga shamba lote haro.
Mwishoni mwa mwezi huo, nilienda mjini kutafuta pembejeo. Kwanza, nililipa shilingi 20,500 kwa magunia 15 ya mbolea. Kisha nilinunua magunia manne ya mbegu ya mahindi yenye uzani wa kilo 25 kwa shilingi 3,300 kila gunia. Mwezi wa Aprili ulipotimia tu, niliamua kupanda. Ili nipate mazao bora, nilipanda kwa tandazi. Gharama ilikuwa shilingi 1,000 kila ekari. Mvua ilinyesha vizuri na baada ya siku saba, mahindi yalianza kuota. Ilifurahisha kuhesabu mistari ya kijani iliyonyooka. Hali hii iliwezekana tu baada ya kuajiri vijana wa kuwafukuza korongo na vidiri ili wasifukue mbegu mchangani.
Baada ya mwezi mmoja, hatua ya kupalilia ilifika. Nilitafuta vibarua wa kupalilia. Malipo yalikuwa shilingi 700 kila ekari. Kumbe kupalilia kulichochea mtifuko wa mahindi. Punde yakawa yananifikia magotini, Hii ikawa ishara kuwa yanahitaji kumwagiwa mbolea ya kunawirisha iitwayo ‘amonia’. Gharama yake ikawa shilingi 1,300 kila gunia. Hivyo, nikalipa shilingi 19,500 kwa magunia kumi na matano.
Mahindi yalibadilika kimiujiza. Ghafla tu yalirefuka na kunenepa mashina. Yalibadilika rangi yakapiga weusi. Shamba liligeuka likawa kama msitu wa rangi ya kijani iliyokolea. Wapita njia walistajabia mimea na juhudi zangu. Shamba langu sasa likawa kielelezo. Maafisa wa kilimo wakawa kila siku wanawaleta wakulima wengine kujifunza siri ya ufanisi wangu. Hapo nikaanza kuhesabu mavuno nitakayopata na kukadiria faida. Nilipuuza kabisa ushauri wa wahenga kuwa ‘Usikate majani, mnyama hajauawa.
Bila taarifa wala tahadhari mvua ilitoweka. Hayakupita majuma mawili mahindi yakaanza kubadilika. Juma moja baadaye mahindi yalinyauka. Badala ya mahindi, shamba likageuka la vitunguu vilivyochomwa na jua. Makisio yangu ya faida yaliyeyuka jinsi ufanyavyo moshi.
Lakini ‘Muumba ndiye Muumbua.’ Siku moja mawingu yalitanda na mvua ikanyesha. Muda si muda mahindi yalianza kunawiri. Kumbe tukio lililonivunja moyo lilikuwa laja. Siku moja mvua kubwa ilinyesha. Asubuhi nilipotoka nje nilipigwa na butwaa. Barafu ilitapakaa pote. Shamba lilikuwa limetapakaa barafu huku majani ya mahindi yamechanika kama nyuzi. Niliugua. Baada ya wiki moja, nilipata nafuu. Nilipotazama upande wa shamba niliona dalili za majani mapya ya mahindi yakianza kuchomoza. Maumbile ni kitu cha ajabu kweli.
Muda si mrefu mahindi yalirudia hali yake tena, kisha yakakomaa. Harakati za kutafuta watu wa kuyakata na kuyakusanya zilianza. Gharama ya shughuli hii ikawa shilingi 5,000. Kuvuna, kusafirisha kutoka shamba na kukoboa kwa mashine magunia 200 yakachukua shilingi 20,500.
Kufikia hapo nilikuwa nimetumia takribani shilingi 192,700. Gharama nyingine zilikuwa za usafiri, gharama ya dharura na usimamizi, usumbufu wangu binafsi, gharama ya magunia na kadhalika. Mahindi yalipokuwa tayari kwenye magunia, nilifunga safari kwenda mjini kutafuta soko.. Niliposhuka tu niliona gazeti. Habari motomoto siku hiyo ilikuwa: ‘MAHINDI GUNIA 900/= Niligutuka usingizini
Soma habari ifuatayo kisha ujibu maswali 151 – 160:-
Ama kwa hakika, dunia uwanja wa fujo. Vituko vya ulimwengu haviishi. Huzuka kama mizuka kila kunapokucha. Maajabu yaja yakienda. Yote hayo ni mawimbi ya maisha yanayomkumba mwanadamu katika kuishi na kuisha kwake. Lo! Hayo ndiyo malimwengu ulimwenguni.
Nikikaa na kutafakari, huku nikivuta taswira ya mambo kuhusu haya na yale nywele hunisimama, moyo hunidunda, mifupa hunikengeta, nayo damu hunisisimka. Na damu isipowasha hunyeza! Lakini tufanyeje sisi waja wa Mungu ilhali tunajua na kuelewa fika kuwa mja hana hiari na liandikwalo ndilo liwalo? Tunaishi na tuishi kwa rehema na majaliwa ya Jalali. Ewe Mola tunakuhimidi!
Kisa na maana? Hebu nikukumbushe machache tu. Akali ya vituko na vitushi vya hivi karibuni. Bila shaka nitakuwa nimekusaidia na kukufaa ushughulishe kumbukumbu zako nawe urejee nyuma kidogo. Wazee hukumbuka, vijana hukumbushwa.
Si miaka mingi sana ulimwengu wetu ulipokumbwa na mvua za mafuriko ya Elnino. Maafa mangapi kama si misiba iliyotusibu. Baadaye tukakumbwa na uhasama wa Osama! Roho nyonge zikanyongwa. Yakaja mawimbi ya kabobo, nyinyi mnayaita Sunami! Vifo vilifisha wengi. Baada ya kidonda moyoni, msumari wa moto juu ya dondandugu. Kabla ya kupona wakazuka ndugu wawili Artur magariani na mwenzake. Nyinyi mkawaita mamluki. Shangaa. Kesho yatazuka yapi? Tahadhari iko wapi? Roho mikononi. Ndugu amkeni tulale tukiwa macho.
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Soma taarifa ifuatayo kisha uiibu maswali 161- 170
Akiba ni nini? Kwa kifupi, akiba ni kitu kilichotengwa kwa ajili ya manufaa ya baadaye. Watu wanaoamini akiba huwa wanafahamu kuwa maisha yana nyuso mara mbili: wakati wa mavuno mema na wakati wa mavuno hafifu. Wanazaraa hawa wanafahamu fika kuwa kuna uwezekano wa kupata mavuno kama hayo mbeleni. Taifa linalowajali wazalendo wake huhakikisha kuwa maghala yamejaa vyakula nomi. Akiba maarufu zaidi ni ya kuhifadhi pesa benkini.
Watu wengi duniani wamebakia kuwa walalahoi kwa kutojua wala kutambua namna ya kuweka akiba. Utawasikia wengi wakisema kuwa hakiba huwekwa na waja wenye vipato vikubwa. Kabla ya kufikiria hivyo ni vyema ujue kuwa waliokuwa au walionavyo, mwanzoni hawakuwa navyo. Mtu anaweza kuweka akiba hata kama kipato chake ni cha chini kabisa. Kumbuka kuwa hakiba haiozi na kidogo kidogo hujazaa kibaba.
Wengine hulalamika eti hawawezi kuweka akiba kwani mapato yao huishia tu wanapokidhi matakwa yao ya lazima. Hawajui kwamba iwapo wanataka kuwa na uchumi thabiti katika siku za usoni ni sharti kujinyima. Kukosa kuweka akiba eti kwa kusingizia mshahara mdogo ni kujipumbaza tu. Kuna baadhi ya watu vilevile wanaodhani kuwa wao ni wachanga zaidi kuanza kuweka hifadhi. Kuna wanaofanya mipango mizuri zaidi ya kuzitumia pesa zao lakini tamaa na uchu huwafanya tena kupotoka kabisa. Kupanga kufanya jambo na kisha ukakosa kulitekeleza ni kupoteza muda. Utawaona watu wanalipwa mshahara, wanatumia kila kitu na kuendelea kufanya kazi kungojea mshahara mwingine. Huku ni kuzungukia sehemu moja kama tiara bila kupiga hatua.
Ni jambo la busara sana kuanza kuweka akiba kutoka utotoni. Akiba hizi zinaweza kufanywa kwa njia ayami. Mwanzo mtu anaweza kuwa na mkebe mdogo uliotengenezwa kwa njia ya kipekee. Mkebe huo huwa na kishimo kidogo kinachomwezesha mtu kuweka pesa bila kutoa. Njia nyingine ni kuwa wazazi au walezi wao kuwawekea. Wazazi na walezi wanaweza kuwafungulia watoto wao akaunti kwenye benki. Kuweka pesa benkini ni bora zaidi kuliko akiba nyingine zozote. Hii ni kwa sababu ya ulinzi wa pesa pale benkini. Isitoshe, pesa zinazowekwa kwenye benki huzaa riba. Vilevile pesa hizo zinaweza kuwekezwa kwa njia ambazo faida zitaonekana na mtoto mwenyewe. Mtoto anaweza kununuliwa mifugo kama vile; kuku, sungura, mabata ambao watazaana na kumletea mtoto faida zaidi.
Mtoto anapoona kuwa pesa zake zinaweza kuendelea kuzaa huwa na motisha wa kuendelea kuweka akiba. Mwana akilelewa kwa tamaduni hizi za kuwekeza, kamwe hataacha hata akiwa mtu mzima. Atakuwa na mshawasha wa kuendelea kuzalisha milele. Kuweka akiba kutoka utotoni humfanya mtoto kuwa na pesa za kutosha hata kuyaendeleza masomo yake bila kutegemea wafadhili. Huku ndiko kujitegemea. Mtu anayejitegemea huishi maisha ya amani na raha mstarehe.
Je, wewe tayari una akiba au utaanza kuweka leo? Kumbuka kuwa kuweka akiba ni ishara kubwa zaidi ya kuwa na nidhamu.
Soma ufahamu ufuatao kisha ujibu maswali 171-180
Nyanya Matinda alikuwa ametualika twende kumsalimia. Mwanzo aliwauliza wazazi wetu iwapo sote tungepatikana wakati wa sikukuu ya Krismasi. Wengi waliitikia ualishi huo isipokuwa shangazi ambaye aljitetea kuwa binamu yetu Juma angekuwa na shughuli muhimu chuoni. Baada ya majadiliano ya kina na watu wote wa ukoo, uamuzi ulitolewa kuwa twende kumtembelea wakati wa kiburunzi.
Mimi sikuwa nimemwona bibi huyu kwa zaidi ya nusu mwongo. Nilikuwa na mchanganyiko wa furaha na maswali. Furaha kwa kuwa ningepata nafasi ya kuzuru watu wa nyumbani na maswali ya kujua tuliloitiwa. “Je, nyanya anataka kuishia ahera ama vipi? Niliwaza na kuwazua. Nilitaka kuingojea siku hiyo ili nijue dhahiri shahiri. Bibi alikuwa ametayarisha kuchinja ndume wake kuwa kitoweo chetu.
Kufikia saa tisa alasiri tarehe thelathini na moja Desemba, kila mmoja alikuwa amewasili. Mimi ndimi niliyefika karibu wa mwisho. Nilipofika kwa nyanya nilishangazwa na wingi wa watu. Ukweli ni kwamba, singewajua wala kuwatambua wote. Wengi walikuwa ajinabi machoni pangu. Kulikuwa na harufu nzuri ya vyakula hewani. Nilianza kudondokwa na mate bila kujua. Punde si punde, tuliombwa na ami mkuu tuingie ndani sote. Nyumba ya nyanya ilikuwa na bahari ya sebule. Tulimezwa sote na hakukuwa aliyetapikwa hata mmoja. Ilikuwani nyumba ya kisasa iliyojengwa kwa teknolojia mpya.
Pale sebuleni. kila mmoja alionekana akishughulika na simu za mkononi. Wengine walikuwa kwenye mtandao, wengine wakicheza michezo, wengine wakiandika jumbe na wengine wakipiga picha almaarufu ‘selfie”. Mara nyanya Matinda alinyerereka asteaste na kuingia ndani.
Cha ajabu ni kwamba, hakuna aliyemwona isipokuwa mimi. Wote walikuwa na shughuli.
Nyanya alionekana kukasirika. Alitoka shoti na kuingia katika chumba chake cha kulala. Aliporudi alikuwa amebeba gunia. Alikohoa. Kila mmoja aliinua kichwa na kumwangalia. “Hata hamna muda wa kuzungumza mjuane? Simu..simu.simu tu! Kila mmoja aiweke simu yake kwenye gunia hili.” Nyanya alifoka kwa ukali. Tulitii amri ingawa kwa shingo upande.
Sote hatukufurahia lakini tukajibu, “Pole nyanya Matinda kwa kukuudhi'”kwa kauli moja. “Ni kwa nini mmechangamkia elimu ya ulimwengu na huku elimu ya ukoo mmeipoteza? Ni kwa nini hamuwezi kuzungumza mkajuane? Hamjui kwamba dunia imeharibika siku hizi? Hamjawaona ndugu wa damu wakioana kwa kutojua? Ni kwa nini dunia hii inawapotosha wajukuu wangu? Ama nyote mnajuana?” Hapana nyanya,” tulijibu kwa pamoja. “Haya hebu sasa mwangalie mwenzako,” alitoa kauli nyingine.
“Ah! Wajukuu wangu, mmedanganyika na kupotoka kabisa. Hebu tazameni humu mwangu, ni kitu
gani cha kisasa ambacho hakiko? Angalieni runinga yangu na simu yangu. Hivi vyote si vya kisasa? Sasa hebu mniambie iwapo vimenikatiza kujua watu wa ukoo wangu?” Nyanya alisimulia kwa masikitiko.
“Vyombo hivi vyote vya teknolojia ni vyema. Nyinyi ndinyi mnavitumia isivyofaa. Mimi nilipozaliwa
nilipata kuwa kulikuwa na magazeti na televisheni. Baba yangu alikuwa na kijiredio cha mbao ambacho
hakuna hata mmoja aliyeruhusiwa kukigusa.” Tuliangua kicheko. “Acheni kucheka. Hata tulikuwa na
televisheni ya “Sanyo’ ambayo ilionyesha rangi nyeusi na nyeupe.”tulicheka tena. “Isitoshe, kijiji kizima kilifika kwetu wakati wa Magharibi kutazama taarifa ya habari!”
Wakati huo wote tulishindwa kuzuia vicheko. Nyanya pia aliongezea kuwa baba yake alikuwa na saa kubwa sana. Saa hiyo iliyotajwa kuwa ya “Majira’ iikuwa kubwa zaidi kiasi kwamba iliwekwa sakafuni.
Alidokeza kuwa saa hiyo haikutumia betri. Kila mara ungesikia ikitoa sauti kwaa krabu zake, ch!
ch! ch!
Saa ishirini na nne.
Wajukuu wangu, nimemaliza mizungu. Sasa karibuni tule na tufurahie kuwa watu wa ukoo mmoja.” Sinia za minofu zilianza kuletwa mezani.
Soma kifungu kifuatacho kisha ujibu maswali 181 mpaka 190.
Mawasiliano ni njia ya kupashana habari kutoka kwa mtu mmoja hadi mwingine. Sijui kama umewahi kuwazia namna watu wa kale walivyotekeleza mchakato huu wa mawasiliano. Kwangu ninaona njia za mawasiliano zilikuwa za ajabu mno. Hebu fikiria kufuka kwa moshi kama ishara ya ujumbe fulani. Je, unafahamu pia milio mbalimbali ilipitisha habari muhimu katika jamii hizo? Kumbuka mbiu ya mgambo wanasema ikilia kuna jambo. Hakika suala la mawasiliano ni nguzo muhimu katika maisha ya binadamu.
Ulimwengu wa sasa umepiga hatua kubwa sana kimaendeleo. Maendeleo hayo yameleta mabadiliko makuu katika mawasiliano. Mfumo wa mawasiliano umewaunganisha waja katika shughuli zao za kila siku. Ilikufanikisha a mawasiliano baina yao, jambo la kimsingi huwa ni kupitisha ujumbe. Wewe mwanafunzi, unapokuwa shuleni kunazo habari muhimu unazohitajika kumfikishia mzazi au mlezi wako. Je, unazifikisha vipi habari hizo?
Fikiria kuhusu wale wanaofanya kazi mbali na familia zao. Unadhani wanawafikishia wapendwa wao taarifa kwa njia gani? Kuna njia nyingi za kuwasilisha ujumbe. Kwa mfano kupiga simu. Vyombo vya habari navyo vinatuwezesha kupitisha ujumbe. Kila siku vinatupasha habari za kila aina. Ni vyema tufahamu kuwa ili mawasiliano yakamilike, basi ujumbe sharti umfikie mlengwa. Mlengwa naye anafaa kuufahamu ujumbe uliokusudiwa.
Tunapopokea ujumbe, tutafakari kuhusu yule aliyetuma ujumbe na ujumbe wenyewe. Sababu kuu ni kubaini lengo kuu la mawasiliano yake. Je, amekusudia nini? Wengi wanaopokea ujumbe wanashindwa kumwelewa aliyetuma ujumbe kutokana na hali ya ujumbe wake. Lugha aliyoitumia inaweza kuwa na utata ambao unatinga kueleweka kwa ujumbe huo. Wengine wanatumia lugha ya mafumbo ambayo labda haieleweki na mlengwa wa ujumbe. Wazia kuwa umemwomba rafiki yako akununulie mbuzi kwa kuwa unahitaji kumfuga nyumbani, kisha ujumbe huu umpige chenga akuletee kifaa cha kukunia nazi.
Je, utamlaumu au utamcheka mpaka mbavu zivunjike? Iwapo tunahitaji kufanikisha mawasiliano, basi ni muhimu tutumie lugha inayoeleweka vyema. Tukumbuke kuwa, katika lugha, maneno huwa na maana mbalimbali katika muktadha.
Hali ya mpokezi wa ujumbe inaweza kuwa kikwazo cha mawasiliano. Huenda anayepokea ujumbe amekumbwa na hali ambazo zinamkosesha utulivu wa kimawazo. Hali hizo zinaweza kuwa matatizo ya kiafya, majukumu ya malezi na kazi miongoni mwa mengine. Hali hii inaweza kutatiza mkondo wake wa mawazo akakosa makini ya kuufahamu ujumbe uliokusudiwa. Mazingira aliyomo mpokezi wa ujumbe huo, huenda pia yakaathiri uelewa wa ujumbe. Chukulia kwa mfano, umetumwa gulioni kununua bidhaa. Kama ilivyo kawaida, maeneo kama hayo huwa na halaiki ya watu na kelele nyingi. Si muziki, si matangazo ya kibiashara, si mahubiri, yataje yote. Ukipigiwa simu wakati kama huo unaweza kukosa kuisikia.
Iwapo utaisikia upokee, mawasiliano yatatizika bila shaka.
Kufanikiwa kwa shughuli nzima ya mawasiliano kunategemea iwapo aliyetuma ujumbe amepokea majibu kwa mujibu wa ujumbe wake. Ni vyema basi tutafakari kuhusu vikwazo vyote ambavyo vinatatiza mawasiliano. Tukumbuke kuwa mawasiliano yetu hutegemea mahusiano yetu, viwango vyetu vya elimu, mila na desturi na chombo cha mawasiliano kinachotumika miongoni mwa mengine. Kila kipengele kitiliwe maanani kwa kuwa ufanisi wa mawasiliano utategemea uelewa wa ujumbe.
Mawasiliano
Soma kifungu kifuatacho kisha ujibu maswali 191 mpaka 200.
Mimi na Mwamba tulijiunga na shule ya msingi ya Maarifa wakati mmoja. Tangu wakati huo nimemtambua Mwamba kama rafiki wa kuaminika. Tulisoma pamoja, tukacheza pamoja na kushirikiana katika mambo mengi. Alikuwa mmakinifu, msikivu na mchangamfu. Unadhifu wake uliwavutia wengi. Hata mimi aliniathiri nikamuiga. Walimu na wanafunzi walimshabikia na kumthamini hata wakamchagua kuwa kiongozi. Vipawa vya Mwamba vilianza kuchipuka mapema.Naye Mwamba alijitahidi kuvipalilia.
Bidii ya Mwamba inaweza kumithilishwa na ile ya mchwa kujenga kichuguu kwa mate. Mwamba alifahamu fika kuwa mja yeyote kujaliwa ni yeye mwenyewe kujipa uvumilivu, kutia bidii na kushirikiana na wenzake. Alifanya juu chini kuelewa yote tuliyofundishwa na walimu wetu. Ingawa akili yake ilikuwa kama sumaku, pale ambapo alitatizika kuelewa hakufa moyo. Alikuwa tayari wakati wote kujadiliana na wenzake katika vikundi. Alitambua kuwa jifya moja haliinjiki chungu. Pamoja na hayo, Mwamba alijaliwa moyo wa kusaidia. Wakati mwingine katika kundi letu alitufafanulia mada ambazo hatukuzielewa vizuri. Aliwafaa hata wale waliokuwa na changamoto ya kuelewa yaliyofunzwa na walimu. Ama kwa hakika, tulishangazwa na subira na unyenyekevu wake.
Mimi na rafiki yangu Mwamba tulijiunga na timu ya soka ya shule yetu. Alichukua nafasi ya mshambulizi nami nikawa mlinda lango. Kila tuliposhiriki kwenye mashindano, Mwamba aliifungia timu yetu mabao mengi. Mara nyingi, tuliibuka washindi na kuwaacha wapinzani wetu vinywa wazi. Nyota ya Mwamba ilianza kung’aa michezoni. Alipokea tuzo ya mwanasoka bora zaidi katika gatuzi letu. Nayo timu yetu ilinyakua kombe la ushindi na sare kamili za kandanda. Shule yetu ilisifika na kutambulika kama kitovu cha wachezaji kandanda chipukizi. Hata baadhi yetu tulichaguliwa kujiunga na timu ya kitaifa ya vijana.
Mwaka huu, Mwamba amegundua kipawa chake kingine katika rubaa ya muziki baada ya kujiunga na bendi ya muziki shuleni. Wakati wa gwaride na pia sherehe mbalimbali shuleni ameweza kupata nafasi ya kututumbuiza. Sauti yake ya kinanda na nyimbo zake zimevuma kotekote. Kuvuma kwa nyimbo hizo kunatokana na ujumbe wa nyimbo zake. Nyimbo hizo huwahimiza watu kukuza maadili na bidii kila uchao. Hakika, zinatuliza mioyo, zinahimiza, zinachochea watu kuwa na upendo, amani na ushirikiano. Katika siku za hivi majuzi bendi yao imetunga nyimbo ambazo zimevutia wafuasi wengi mitandaoni. Baadhi ya vituo vya mawasiliano vimetuma maombi kualika bendi hiyo kwenye studio zao. Azma yao ni kurekodi baadhi ya nyimbo zao ili zitumike kama milio kwenye simu zinapopigwa au kukiriza. Aidha nyimbo zao huchezwa kwenye vituo mbalimbali vya redio na runinga. Chini ya uongozi wa mwalimu wao, ambaye ni mlezi wa bendi yao, wameweza kujipatia hela ambazo zimetumika kununulia vyombo zaidi vya muziki. Mwalimu huyu wao huhakikisha kuwa bendi hiyo ina nidhamu ya hali ya juu.
Juma lililopita, mwalimu wa zamu aliwapa nafasi wanafunzi kadha kutoa nasaha kuhusu namna ya kufanikiwa masomoni. Mwamba alikuwa miongoni mwao. Hotuba yake ililenga ndipo. Alisema, “Wanafunzi wenzangu, kufaulu kwetu masomoni na pia maishani hakutegemei kule tulikotoka bali nidhamu ya mtu mwenyewe”. Alituambia kuwa achanikaye kwenye mpini hafi njaa. Kwa hivyo, tujitahidi masomoni. Aliongezea kusema kuwa, kila mtu amejaliwa muda wa saa ishirini na nne kila siku. Alituhimiza tuuratibu muda wetu vyema. Katika kuhitimisha hotuba yake alisisitiza tuwaheshimu wakubwa wetu ili tuweze kufanikiwa maishani. Hotuba yake hupigiwa debe shuleni hadi leo.
Ushindi wa timu ya soka ya shule ya Maarifa
Kufaulu masomoni kunategemea:
i.Mwamba kupokea tuzo.
ii.Mwamba kujiunga na bendi ya muziki.
iii.Nyimbo za Mwamba kuvuma. iv.Mwamba kujiunga na timu ya soka.
EXPECTED QUESTIONS IN KCPE 2023
isipungue ukurasa mmoja na nusu. (Alama 40)
hali wali mkavu. (Alama 40)
katika mithihani. (Alama 40)
tukasiskia mayowe kutoka………. (Alama 40)
yangebadilika kabisa. (Alama 40)
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PRINT ATLEAST 3 PAGES OF WRITING SPACE FOR EACH COMPOSITION QUESTION.
EXPECTED QUESTIONS IN KCPE 2023
isipungue ukurasa mmoja na nusu. (Alama 40)
hali wali mkavu. (Alama 40)
katika mithihani. (Alama 40)
tukasiskia mayowe kutoka………. (Alama 40)
yangebadilika kabisa. (Alama 40)
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Grade 6 CBC Home Work, Assignments Free Downloads
G6 SST ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 SCI ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 PHE ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 MUSIC ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 MAT ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 KIS ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 IRE ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 HSCI ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 ENG ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 CRE ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 CA ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 AGRIC ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 SST ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 SCI ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 PHE ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 MUSIC ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 MAT ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 KIS ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 IRE ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 HSCI ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 ENG ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 CRE ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 CA ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
G6 AGRIC ET3 TOPICAL HOMEWORK.pdf
COMMONLY KCPE TESTED QUESTIONS
SCIENCE
200 PREICTION QUESTIONS
Time: 2 Hours 30 Mins
Which of the uses are for carbondioxide?
Which one of the following levers is described by the diagrams shown above?
After some time, the wax melted due to;
Which one of the following pairs of animal has all the characteristics listed?
Which stage of HIV is described above?
Which pair of features are for cumulus clouds?
Which one of the following is the correct order of activities?
Which blood vessel above carries oxygenated blood to the heart?
Which statement is not correct about the above instrument? A.Its narrow end points where the wind blowing to.
The property of light investigated is: 66.The diagram below shows a flower
Which part above represents parts of a stamen?
i.fever ii.abdominal pains iii. skin rashes iv. joint and muscle aches
The above diseases is likely to be:
D.are chisel-shaped
Organ wastes
Which wire produced the highest sound when plucked?
The part which makes bulbs glow without blowing is labelled
Which of the activities take place during breathing out?
Which one of the following processes does not require the part labelled L? A.Combustion.
Which one of the following is the correct order?
A.Using condoms.
A.Mulching
A.Excessive growth of water weeds
A.re-using water well
B.harvesting rain water
C.using water sparingly
A.Fish and amphibians are warm blooded.
B.Mammals and birds give birth to live young ones.
C.Reptiles and birds have internal fertilization.
D.Fish and birds have external fertilization.
| Deoxygenated | Oxygenated | |
| A. | Aorta | venacava |
| B. | Venacava | pulmonary artery |
| C. | Pulmonary artery | aorta |
| D. | Pulmonary vein | aorta |
Both material floated because of their
Which one of the following statements is incorrect about the instrument above? A.It shows the wind direction.
Which one of the following correctly shows the plant represented by letters M, N, and P?
| M | N | P | |
| A Maize Ferns Cypress | |||
| B Lichen Algae Mushroom | |||
| C Beans Cactus Puff balls | |||
| D | Acacia | Cedar | Toadstool |
A.Animals getting shade B.Birds sheltering on trees.
Which one of the following would make it measure slight changes in temperature? A.Tightening the cork.
Liquid Which two processes require an increase in temperature?
i.Definite shape. ii.Definite size. iii.Definite mass.
Which one of the above best describe paraffin?
Which wire produced the highest sound when plucked?
A.Breathing
B.Transpiration
C.Absorption
D.Photosynthesis
A.Aphids – All kinds of grains
B.Weaver birds – Grains of cereals
C.Stalk borers – Inside of the stems
D.Cut worms – Stem of young plants.
A.Oxalis
B.Sódom apple
C.Wondering jew
D.Black jack
B.Reduced yield.
C.Low quality products.
D.Death.
A.Mite
B.Scorpion
C.Tick
D.Crab
C.Cooling machines.
D.Irrigation.
A.Canning
B.Freezing
C.Use of low temperature
D.Drying.
A.Digging out
B.Using chemicals
C.Uprooting
D.Slashing
How many layers were formed after mixing?
A.Filtering
B.Winnowing
C.Sieving
D.Decantation
Which one of the following is NOT function of the part of the air labelled Z on the pie chart?
A.Supporting burning
B.Good for photosynthesis
C.Preserves soft drinks
D.Making fire extinguishers
A.has the highest capillarity
B.makes the longest ribbons
C.has the largest air spaces
D.is sticky when wet.
A.Mulching
B.Contour farming
C.Terracing
D.Cover cropping
A.Dynamol
B.Dry cells.
C.Solar panel
D.Torch
Both material floated because of their 200. What is convection?
Mathematics schemes of work for standard __7____TERM___1____YEAR________
| WEEK | LESSON | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | LEANING/ TEACHING ACTIVITIES | LEARNING/ TEACHING RESOURCES | REFERENCES | ||
| 1
2 |
1 | PRE-NUMBERS | Place value | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify the place value of a given numbers
|
-Grouping
– Explanation -Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
-Objects like tins, books, pencils, cups, pictures, etc
-place value chart |
PM PB7 Pg2
TG 7Pg1 NPM PB7 Pg3 TG b7Pg2 |
||
| 2 | Total value | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify total value of a given number | -Grouping objects
– arranging -Labelling and matching objects according to common features. |
place value chart | PM PB7 Pg4
TG 7Pg3 NPM PB7 Pg6 TG b7Pg4 |
||||
| 3 | Reading numbers | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to read and write numbers in words and in symbols | — Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -reading |
place value chart | PM PB7 Pg7
TG 7Pg4 NPM PB7 Pg8 TG b7Pg5 |
||||
| 4 | Writing numbers | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to read and write numbers in words and in symbols | — Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -writing |
place value chart+ | PM PB7 Pg7
TG 7Pg4 NPM PB7 Pg8 TG b7Pg4 |
||||
| 5 | Squares of numbers | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out squares of numbers
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
PM PB7 Pg8
TG 7Pg5 NPM PB7 Pg8 TG b7Pg5 |
||||
| 6 | Square roots of numbers | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout the square root of numbers
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
PM PB7 Pg8
TG 7Pg5 NPM PB7 Pg9 TG b7Pg6 |
||||
| 7 | Square and square root of numbers | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out square numbers and square root of perfect squares
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size
|
PM PB7 Pg8
TG 7Pg5 NPM PB7 Pg8 TG b7Pg5 |
||||
| 3 | 1 | Divisibility test for 11 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to determine numbers divisible by eleven | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Divide |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size | PM PB7 Pg7
TG 7Pg7 NPM PB7 Pg8 TG b7Pg5 |
|||
| 2 | Divisibility test | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out a problem involving divisibility test of eleven
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Divide |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, leaves, etc. |
PM PB7 Pg7
TG 7Pg6 NPM PB7 Pg8 TG b7Pg6 |
||||
| 3 | Fractions | Square of fractions | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out square of fraction
|
• Identifying
• Matching • Comparing- Explanation -Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, Leaves, etc. |
PM PB7 Pg10
TG 7Pg8 NPM PB7 Pg12 TG b7Pg 7 |
|||
| 4 | Square root of fractions | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout square root of a fraction | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Chart | PM PB7 Pg11
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg12 TG b7Pg7 |
||||
| 5 | Perfect squares | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out squawroot of fraction involving perfect squares | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Chart | PM PB7 Pg11
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg12 TG b7Pg8 |
||||
| 6 | Decimals | Place value | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify place value of digits in decimals | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
place value chart | PM PB7 Pg12
TG 7Pg9 NPM PB7 Pg14 TG b7Pg11 |
|||
| 7 | Total value | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify total value of digits in decimals | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
place value chart | PM PB7 Pg12
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 16Pg14 TG b7Pg |
||||
| 4 | 1 | Conversion of decimal to fraction | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to convert non-recurring decimal to fraction | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Conversion |
place value chart | PM PB7 Pg15
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg18 TG b7Pg |
|||
| 2 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to convert fraction to decimal
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
place value chart | PM PB7 Pg17
TG 7Pg13 NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg20 |
|||||
| 3 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to convert fraction to decimal involving non-recurring and recurring decimals
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
place value chart | PM PB7 Pg22
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg32 TG b7Pg22 |
|||||
| 4 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out square of decimals
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
place value chart | PM PB7 Pg25
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out square root of decimals involving perfect squares
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
place value chart | PM PB7 Pg30
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg34 TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 6 | Percentages | Conversion | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to convert percentage into fraction
|
– Explanation
-Conversion -demonstration -Discussion |
Conversion chart
Chalk board layout |
PM PB7 Pg34
TG 7Pg27 NPM PB7 Pg35 TG b7Pg |
|||
| 7 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to convert fraction into percentage. | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg37
TG 7Pg27 NPM PB7 Pg38 TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 5 | 1 | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be convert decimal into percentage
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg40
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg45 TG b7Pg |
||||
| 2 | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to convert percentage into decimals
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg42
TG 7Pg32 NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 3 | OPERATION | Whole numbers
Addition |
By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to add whole numbers by whole numbers correctly
|
– Explanation
-Addition -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg42
TG 7Pg32 NPM PB7 Pg46 TG b7Pg36 |
|||
| 4 | subtraction | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to subtract whole numbers by whole numbers correctly
|
– Explanation
-Subtraction -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg41
TG 7Pg33 NPM PB7 Pg47 TG b7Pg |
||||
| 5 | Multiplication | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to multiply whole number by whole numbers correctly
|
– Explanation
-Multiplication -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg41
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg47 TG b7Pg36 |
||||
| 6 | Division | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to divide whole numbers by up to 3-digit numbers
|
– Explanation
-Division -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg42
TG 7Pg33 NPM PB7 Pg48 TG b7Pg36 |
||||
| 7 | Mixed exercise | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg42
TG 7Pg33 NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 6 | 1 | Combined operation | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to work out problems involving combined operation in whole numbers
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg43
TG 7Pg34 NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg38 |
|||
| 2 | Number sequence | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to recognize and identify number sequence involving whole numbers
|
– Explanation
-addition -demonstration -Discussion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg43
TG 7Pg33 NPM PB7 48Pg48 TG b7Pg |
||||
| 3 | Fraction | Addition | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to work out addition of fraction by fraction
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Place value table | PM PB7 Pg32-43
TG 7Pg23 NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg22 |
|||
| 4 | Subtraction | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to work out subtraction of fraction by fraction
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Chalkboard layout | PM PB7 Pg38
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg36 TG b7Pg |
||||
| 5 | Multiplication | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to work out multiplication of fraction by fraction
|
– Explanation
-Working out -Multiplication -Discussion |
Place value table | PM PB7 Pg37
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg38 TG b7Pg29 |
||||
| 6 | Division | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to work out division of fraction by fraction
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Division |
Chalkboard layout | PM PB7 Pg42
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg42 TG b7Pg29 |
||||
| 7 | Combined operation | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to work out combined operation involving fraction
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Place value table | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 8 | 1 | Number sequence | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to work out number sequence involving fraction
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Chalkboard layout | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||
| 2 | Revision | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -revision |
Place value table | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 3 | Decimals | Addition | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out addition involving decimal and decimals
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Place value table | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||
| 4 | Subtraction | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out subtraction involving decimal and decimals | – Explanation
-subtraction -demonstration -Discussion |
Chalkboard layout | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 5 | Multiplication | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out multiplication involving decimal and decimals | – Explanation
-multiplication -demonstration -Discussion |
Place value table | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 6 | Division | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out division involving decimal and decimals | – Explanation
-dividing -demonstration -Discussion |
Chalkboard layout | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 7 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out combined operation involving decimal | – Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
Place value table | PM PB7 Pg33
TG 7Pg24 NPM PB7 Pg34 TG b7Pg |
| WEEK | LESSON | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | LEANING/ TEACHING ACTIVITIES | LEARNING/ TEACHING RESOURCES | REFERENCES | ||
| 9
10 |
1 | Percentage | Percentage increase | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving percentage increase
|
— Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
-Objects like tins, books, pencils, cups, pictures, etc | PM PB7 Pg37
TG 7Pg26 NPM PB7 Pg36 TG b7Pg37 |
||
| 2 | Percentage decrease | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving percentage decrease
|
– Explanation
-Working out -demonstration -Discussion |
-Objects like tins, -books, pencils, -cups, pictures, etc | PM PB7 Pg38
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg43 TG b7Pg26 |
||||
| 3 | Measurements | Decimetre | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognize and identify decimetre (dm) as a unit of measuring length | – Explanation
-Working out -Drawing -Discussion -measuring |
Coloured Manila cards
(squares, triangles, circles), books, beads, |
PM PB7 Pg37
TG 7Pg26 NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||
| 4 | Decametre | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognize and identify decametre (Dm) as a unit of measuring length | -Identifying Explanation
-Working out -Drawing -Discussion measuring |
Coloured Manila cards
(squares, triangles, circles), books, beads, |
PM PB7 Pg43
TG 7Pg30 NPM PB7 Pg43 TG b7Pg45 |
||||
| 5 | Hectometre | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognize and identify hectometre (hm) as a unit of measuring length | Identifying
Explanation -Working out -Drawing -Discussion |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 3-6 | Converting units of measurement | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to convert units of measurement from one to another
|
Explanation
-Working out -Drawing -Discussion measurement |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours |
PM PB7 Pg37
TG 7Pg32 NPM PB7 Pg43 TG b7Pg |
||||
| 7 | Perimeter | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out perimeter involving circles
|
Explanation
-Working out -Drawing -Discussion |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size
|
PM PB7 Pg45
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 11 | 1 | Perimeter of triangle | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out perimeter involving triangles | Explanation
-Working out -Drawing -Discussion |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size | PM PB7 Pg45
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg44 TG b7Pg |
|||
| 2 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out perimeter involving quadrilateral
|
• Identifying the texture of an Explanation
-Working out -Drawing -Discussion • Matching objects according |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, leaves, etc. |
PM PB7 Pg47
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg43 TG b7Pg34 |
|||||
| 3 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving units of length in real life
|
Explanation
-Working out -Drawing -Discussion |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, Leaves, etc. |
PM PB7 Pg34
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg48 |
|||||
| 4 | Area | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout the area of a circle | Explanation
-Working out -Drawing -Discussion |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
PM PB7 Pg48
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 49Pg47 TG b7Pg |
||||
| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving area of a circle using the formulae | Explanation
-Working out -Drawing -Discussion |
PM PB7 Pg49
TG 7Pg345 NPM PB7 Pg54 TG b7Pg |
||||||
| 6 | Trapezium | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to calculate the area of the of a trapezium | Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion |
PM PB7 Pg52
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 7 | Parallelogram | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to calculate the area of parallelograms | Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion |
PM PB7 Pg56
TG 7Pg45 NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 12 | 1 | Area of a border | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving area of a border | Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion |
PM PB7 Pg99-110
TG 7Pg67-77 NPM PB7 Pg107-114 TG b7Pg70-75 |
||||
| 2 | Combined shape | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving area combined shape | Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion |
PM PB7 Pg99-110
TG 7Pg67-77 NPM PB7 Pg107-114 TG b7Pg70-75 |
|||||
| 3 | Surface area of cuboids | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving surface area of cuboids | Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion |
PM PB7 Pg99-110
TG 7Pg67-77 NPM PB7 Pg107-114 TG b7Pg70-75 |
|||||
| 4 | Surface area of cylinder | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving surface area of cylinders | Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion |
PM PB7 Pg99-110
TG 7Pg67-77 NPM PB7 Pg107-114 TG b7Pg70-75 |
|||||
| 5 | Revisions | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | Explanation
-Working out -Answering Revision |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 6 | Revisions | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | Explanation
-Working out -Answering Revision |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 7 | Revisions | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | Explanation
-Working out -Answering Revision |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 13 | 1 | Revisions | Revisions | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to revise and answer question of the work covered in the term
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering Revision |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||
| 2 | |||||||||
| 3 | |||||||||
| 4 | |||||||||
| 5 | |||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 7 | |||||||||
| 14 | 1 | Examinations | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to revise and answer question of the work |
Explanation
-Working out -Answering
|
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 2 | |||||||||
| 3 | |||||||||
| 4 | |||||||||
| 5 | |||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 7 |
Mathematic schemes of work for standard __7____TERM___2____YEAR________
| WEEK | LESSON | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | LEANING/ TEACHING ACTIVITIES | LEARNING/ TEACHING RESOURCES | REFERENCES | ||
| 1
2 |
1 | Volume | Cross section | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify the cross-section are of a regular solid
|
Explanation
Explanation -Working out -Answering -calculating – |
-Objects like tins, books, pencils, cups, pictures, etc | PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
||
| 2 | Volume of cubes | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out volume of cubes | -Working out
Explanation – -Answering -calculating -measuring ring |
-Objects like tins, -books, pencils, -cups, pictures, etc | PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
||||
| 3 | Volume of cuboids | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out volume of cuboids | Explanation
Measuring Working out |
Coloured Manila cards
(squares, triangles, circles), books, beads, |
PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
||||
| 4 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out volume of cylinder through pilling | -Working out | Coloured Manila cards
(squares, triangles, circles), books, beads, |
PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
|||||
| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out volume of cylinder using the formulae | Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating -measuring |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
|||||
| 6 | Capacity | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving capacity of cubes
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating -measuring |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
||||
| 7 | Capacity of cuboids | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving capacity of cuboids
|
Identifying sizes of objects.
group objects according to size Matching objects according to size |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size
|
PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
||||
| 3 | 1 | Capacity cylinder | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving capacity of cylinders
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating -measuring |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size | PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
|||
| 2 | Capacity and volume | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognize and identify the relationship between capacity and volume
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating -measuring |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, leaves, etc. |
PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
||||
| 3 | Mass | Mass in
Grams |
By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving mass in grams
|
• Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating -measuring |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, Leaves, etc.
|
PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
|||
| 4 | Kilograms | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving mass in kilograms
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating -measuring |
Travel tables | PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
||||
| 5 | Tonnes | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving mass in tonnes
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating -measuring |
Travel tables | PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
||||
| 6 | Money | Discount | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving discounts
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating |
Travel tables | PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
|||
| 7 | Percentage discount | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving percentage discount
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating |
Scale | PM PB7 Pg1102-122
TG 7Pg70-80 NPM PB7 100Pg120 TG b7Pg76-79 |
||||
| 4 | 1 | Commission | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving commission | Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 2 | Percentage commission | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving percentage commission
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 3 | Simple interest | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving simple interest
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 4 | Simple interest | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving simple interest
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 5 | Hire purchase | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving hire purchase
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 6 | Hire purchase | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving hire purchase
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 7 | bills | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving bills in buying and selling
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -calculating |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 5 | 1 | Bills | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving bills in buying and selling
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
Bill |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
|||
| 2 | Postal charges | Inland postal charges | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving inland postal charges
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
Postal order |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
|||
| 3 | International postal charges | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving international postal charges
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 4 | International postal charges | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving international postal charges
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 5 | Money order | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving money order
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
Money order |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 6 | Postal orders | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving postal orders
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 7 | Telegram | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to write a telegram
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 6 | 1 | Telegram | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving telegrams
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
telegram |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
|||
| 2 | Time and speed | Time | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving time
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
|||
| 3 | Air flight | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving air flight
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
Travel tables |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 4 | Fare tables | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving bus fare tables
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
Travel tables |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 5 | Fare tables | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving train fare ,time and distance tables
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
Travel tables |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 6 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving converting units of speed
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion conversion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
|||||
| 7 | T | Conversion | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to workout problems involving converting units of speed
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion conversion |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
|||
| 8 | 1 | Temperature | Direct comparison | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to compare temperature using hotter, warmer, colder and same as
|
Comparing
-Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
thermometer |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||
| 2 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
|||||
| 3 | Degree Celsius (oC) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognise and identify degree Celsius as a unit of measuring temperature
|
Explanation
-Working out -Answering -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
||||
| 4 | Geometry | Parallel line | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognize and identify angles properties of parallel line | Explanation
-Working out -Construction -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
Wood cutting |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg36-45 |
|||
| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognize and identify angles properties of quadrilateral | Explanation
-Working out -Construction -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
|||||
| 6 | Transversal | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out division involving angle properties of a parallel lines | Explanation
-Working out -Construction -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table
Drawing on a chart |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
||||
| 7 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to construct a right angled triangle using a ruler and a pair of compasses | Explanation
-Working out -Construction -Discussion Demonstration |
Multiplication table | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
| WEEK | LESSON | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | LEANING/ TEACHING ACTIVITIES | LEARNING/ TEACHING RESOURCES | REFERENCES | ||
| 9
10 |
1 | Percentage | Construction of triangle | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to construct an isosceles triangle using a ruler and a pair of compasses | – Explanation
-Working out -Construction -Discussion Demonstration |
-Objects like tins, books, pencils, cups, pictures, etc | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
||
| 2 | Construction of triangle | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to construct a equilateral triangle using a ruler and a pair of compasses | Explanation
-Working out -Construction -Discussion Demonstration |
-Objects like tins, -books, pencils, -cups, pictures, etc | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
||||
| 3 | Circumscribe | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to construct a circles passing through vertices using a ruler and a pair of compasses | — Explanation
-Working out -Construction -Discussion Demonstration |
Coloured Manila cards
(squares, triangles, circles), books, beads, |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
||||
| 4 | Pythagorean relationship | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognise and identify Pythagorean relation ship | – Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -Discussion Demonstration |
Coloured Manila cards
(squares, triangles, circles), books, beads, |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
||||
| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognise and identify Pythagorean relation ship | – Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -Discussion Demonstration |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
P PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
|||||
| 3-6 | Model | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to make a model of a cube
|
Identifying shapes of objects
Matching objects according to shapes
|
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
PM PB7 Pg46 | ||||
| 7 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to make a model of a cuboids
|
Identifying sizes of objects.
group objects according to size Matching objects according to size |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size
|
TG 7Pg38 | |||||
| 11 | 1 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to make a model of a cylinder
|
Identifying sizes of objects.
group objects according to size Matching objects according to size |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size | PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
||||
| 2 | Pattern s | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to make pattern using rectangles
|
• Identifying the texture of an object as rough and smooth
Grouping things According to texture. object as rough or smooth • Matching objects according |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, leaves, etc. |
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 3 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to make pattern using triangles
|
• Identifying the texture of an object as rough and smooth
object as rough or smooth • Matching objects according texture • Comparing the texture of objects. |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, Leaves, etc.
|
PM PB7 Pg46-65
TG 7Pg38-44 NPM PB7 Pg42-67 TG b7Pg 36-45 |
|||||
| 4 | Algebra | Forming | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to form a simple algebraic equation
|
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours Explanation -Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Pg50-64
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
||||
| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to form a simple algebraic equation
|
Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Pg50-64
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
||||||
| 6 | Simplifying | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to simplify an algebraic equation | Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Pg50-64
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
|||||
| 7 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to simplify an algebraic equation | Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Pg50-64
TG 7Pg49-50 NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
||||||
| 12 | 1 | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to revise and answer question of the work covered in the term
|
Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Pg50-64
TG 7Pg40-50 NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
|||||
| 2 | |||||||||
| 3 | |||||||||
| 4 | |||||||||
| 5 | |||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 7 | |||||||||
| 13 | 1 | Revisions | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to revise and answer question of the work covered in the term
|
Explanation
-Working out -revision
|
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 2 | |||||||||
| 3 | |||||||||
| 4 | |||||||||
| 5 | |||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 7 | |||||||||
| 14 | 1 | Examinations | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to revise and answer question of the work |
Explanation
-Working out -answering |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||
| 2 | |||||||||
| 3 | |||||||||
| 4 | |||||||||
| 5 | |||||||||
| 6 | |||||||||
| 7 |
Mathematic schemes of work for standard __7____TERM___3____YEAR________
| WEEK | LESSON | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | LEANING/ TEACHING ACTIVITIES | LEARNING/ TEACHING RESOURCES | REFERENCES | ||
| 1
2 |
1 | Algebra | Form and Simplifying | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to form and simplify an algebraic equation | -Grouping objects
-Naming objects – Explanation -Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
-Objects like tins, books, pencils, cups, pictures, etc | Pg50-64
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
||
| 2 | Substitution | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out the value of algebraic equation through substitution | -Grouping objects
– arranging – Explanation -Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
-Objects like tins, -books, pencils, -cups, pictures, etc | Pg50-64
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
||||
| 3 | Substitution | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out the value of algebraic equation through substitution | – Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Coloured Manila cards
(squares, triangles, circles), books, beads, |
Pg50-64
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
||||
| 4 | Solving | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to form and solve algebraic expression with one unknown | Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Coloured Manila cards
(squares, triangles, circles), books, beads, |
Pg50-64
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
||||
| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to form and solve algebraic expression with one unknown | Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
Pg50-64
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg42-60 TG b7Pg40-51 |
|||||
| 6 | Simplifying in equalities | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to simplify inequality with one unknown
|
Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Rectangles, circles, triangles
of different sizes and colours
|
Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
||||
| 7 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to simplify inequality with one unknown
|
Explanation
-Working out -solving equation -simplifying |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size
|
Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
|||||
| 3 | 1 | Tables and graphs | Linear Scale | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to determine the appropriate scale for the graphs | Identifying linear scale
Explanation -Working out -representing data Drawing graph |
Objects like tins, books, bottles, pictures, of different size | Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
||
| 2 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to determine the appropriate scale for the graphs | • Identifying the texture of an object as rough and smooth
Explanation -Working out -representing data Drawing graph |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, leaves, etc. |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 3 | Interpreting tables | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to read and interpret tables in real life situation
|
• Explanation
-Working out -representing data Drawing graph |
Objects that have smooth or rough texture like wood,
paper, glass, soil, mirror, Leaves, etc.
|
Pg150-164 | ||||
| 4 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to read and interpret tables in real life situation
|
Explanation
-Working out -representing data Drawing graph |
TG 7Pg | ||||||
| 5 | Bar graph | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to represent data on a bar graph | Explanation
-drawing Representing data |
NPM PB7 Pg142-160 | |||||
| 6 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to interpreting data on a graph | -Discussion
-interpreting data -drawing |
TG b7Pg94-96 | ||||||
| 7 | Pie chart | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to represent data on a pie chart | -Working out
-representing data Drawing pie chart |
Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
|||||
| 4 | 1 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to interpret data on a pie chart | -Conversion
-Working out -representing data Drawing pie chart |
Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
|||||
| 2 | Travel graph | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to read and interpret data on a travel graph | Explanation
-Working out -representing data Drawing graph |
Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
|||||
| 3 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Present data on a travel graph |
– Explanation
-Working out -representing data Drawing graph |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg TG b7Pg |
||||||
| 4 | Line graph | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to read and interpret data on a line graph | – Explanation
-Working out -representing data Drawing graph |
PM PB7 Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
|||||
| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to
Present data on a line graph |
-Explanation
-demonstration -Discussion -Working out
|
PM PB7 Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
||||||
| 6 | Arithmetic mean | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving arithmetic mean
|
Explanation
-demonstration -Discussion -Working out
|
PM PB7 Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
|||||
| 7 | The mode | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving arithmetic mode | -Explanation
-demonstration -Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
|||||
| 5 | 1 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving arithmetic mean and mode in real life situation
|
Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion -Observation |
PM PB7 Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
|||||
| 2 | Scale drawing | Linear scale in ratio form | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to read and write linear scale in ratio form
|
-Explanation
-Discussion -drawing -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
||||
| 3 | Conversion | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to convert linier scale from statement to ratio form
|
Explanation
-Discussion -Demonstration -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
|||||
| 4 | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to convert linier scale from ratio form to statement
|
-Explanation
-Discussion -Demonstration -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
||||||
| 5 | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to convert linier scale from statement to ratio form and vice versa
|
Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg150-164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142-160 TG b7Pg94-96 |
||||||
| 6 | Making scale drawing | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to make a scale drawing
|
-Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg162
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg142 TG b7Pg |
|||||
| 7 | . By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to work out problems involving scale drawing
|
Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion -Observation |
PM PB7 Pg143
TG 7Pg97 NPM PB7 Pg143 TG b7Pg95 |
||||||
| 7 | 1 | Mixed exercise | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered | Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -answering |
PM PB7 Pg162
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg162 TG b7Pg97 |
||||
| 2 | Ratio and proportion | Ratio as a fraction | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to recognize and identify ratio as a fraction
|
Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg163
TG 7Pg98 NPM PB7 Pg161 TG b7Pg99 |
||||
| 3 | Fraction | Ratio sharing | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to interpret and use ratio on sharing
|
-Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg163
TG 7Pg103 NPM PB7 Pg161 TG b7Pg99 |
||||
| 4 | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to interpret and use ratio on sharing
|
PM PB7 Pg164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg162 TG b7Pg100 |
|||||||
| 5 | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to work out problems involving ratio using unitary method
|
-Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg163 TG b7Pg102 |
||||||
| 6 | Ratio increase | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to interpret and use ratio in increase
|
PM PB7 Pg163
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg162 TG b7Pg |
||||||
| 7 | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to interpret and use ratio in increase
|
-Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 161Pg102 TG b7Pg |
||||||
| 8 | 1 | Ratio decrease | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to interpret and use ratio in decrease
|
PM PB7 Pg163
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg163 TG b7Pg103 |
|||||
| 2 | By the end of this topic, the
pupils should be able to interpret and use ratio in decrease
|
-Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg164
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg162 TG b7Pg |
||||||
| 3 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg163 TG b7Pg104 |
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| 4 | Direct proportion | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognize and identify simple direct proportion | -Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg164 TG b7Pg103 |
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| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving simple direct proportion | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg165 TG b7Pg |
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| 6 | Indirect proportion | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to recognize and identify indirect proportion | -Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 168Pg162
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 Pg106 TG b7Pg105 |
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| 7 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to work out problems involving simple indirect proportion | -Explanation
-Discussion -Working out -Conversion |
PM PB7 Pg160
TG 7Pg NPM PB7 160Pg169 TG b7Pg106 |
| WEEK | LESSON | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | LEANING/ TEACHING ACTIVITIES | LEARNING/ TEACHING RESOURCES | REFERENCES | ||
| 9
10 |
1 | Revision | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg107 NPM PB7 Pg169 TG b7Pg106 |
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| 4 | |||||||||
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| 7 | Revision | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | PM PB7 Pg180
TG 7Pg112 NPM PB7 Pg22-170 TG b7Pg2-107 |
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| 11 | 1 | Revision | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | PM PB7 Pg
TG 7Pg180 NPM PB7 Pg171 TG b7Pg107 |
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| 2 | |||||||||
| 3 | |||||||||
| 4 | |||||||||
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| 12 | 1 | Examination | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to do a revision exercise on the work covered. | ||||||
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| 7 |
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Meaning of demand
Demand is the quantity of a product that buyers are willing and able to buy at a given price over a given period of time.
DOWNLOAD THE PDF COPIES HERE; BUSINESS STUDIES NOTES FORM 1-4: UPDATED
Factors that determine the demand for a product (determinants of demand)
Types of demand
Derived demand: a product is said to have derived demand when it is demanded to help in the production of other goods and services for example the demand of building materials arising from the demand of houses.
Joint demand: items are said to have joint demand if the use of one will require the use of another. The goods are complimentarily used together like pen and ink.
Demand schedule and demand curve
Demand schedule
A demand schedule is a table showing the quantities of a commodity that consumers are willing and able to buy at different prices within a given period of time. A demand schedule can be prepared for an individual or for the entire market.
Demand curve
A demand curve is the graph showing the quantities demanded against the prices. On the y-axis is recorded price and the x-axis the quantities demanded.
Draw a demand curve given the following demand schedule
| Price of the product in shs | Quantity of the goods demanded in kg |
| 10
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 |
40
35 30 25 20 15 10 5 |
The graph shows that the demand curve (DD) slopes from the left to the right, indicating that as prices goes down the quantity demanded increases and vice versa.
This tendency of demand to increase as price decrease and to reduce as the price increase is referred to as the law of demand. Therefore a normal demand curve slopes from left to right.
Movement along a demand curve and a shift in demand curve
Movement along the demand curve
A movement along a demand curve refers to changes in quantity of a product demanded as a result of change in its price only. As the price of the product increases the quantity demanded decreases. It leads to a movement from one point to another on the same demand curve as shown below:
Shift of the demand curve
This is when the demand curve moves either to the right or left. It occurs as results of changes in factors influencing demand other than price of the product concerned. This can be illustrated as below:
In (i) at price OP the quantity demanded is OQ. After the demand curve shift from D0D0 to DD a different quantity OQ1 is demanded although the price remains at OP. thus points L and M are on different demand curves.
Similarly when the demand curve shifts from D1D1 to D2D2 as in (ii) a different quantity OQ3 is demand at the same price OP2 as before. Thus the two points R and S are on two different demand curves.
A shift of demand curve to the left (decrease in demand) can be brought about by the following factors:
A shift of demand curve to the right (increase in demand) can be as a result of:
Differences between a movement along a demand curve and a shift of a demand curve
| Movement along a demand curve | Shift of a demand curve |
| (i) It involves only one demand curve | It involves two demand curves |
| (ii) It is brought about by changes in the quantity demanded. | Brought about a change in other factors that influences demand other the price of the product. |
| (iii) It involves a change in the quantity demanded. | Involves a change in demand. |
| (iv) A different quantity is demanded only at a different price. | A different quantity is demanded at the same price as before. |
| (v) A movement along the curve can be traced up and down along the same curve. | A shift causes to move either to the right or left. |
SUPPLY
Supply is defined as the quantity that suppliers are willing and are able to take to market at a given price over a given period of time.
Factors which influence supply of a product
Supply schedule and supply curve
A supply schedule is a table showing the relationship between supply of a commodity and its price. It shows the quantity supplied at various prices. The supply curve is a graphical illustration showing the trend taken by supply as price either increases or decrease.
Draw a supply curve using the figures given in the supply curve below.
| Price of x | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 18 |
| Supply of x | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 45 |
The supply curve (SS) slopes from the right to the left showing that as the price increases, the supply also increase. For example, at a price Shs. 8, the supply is 20 units. As the price goes up to Shs. 16, the supply also goes up to 40 units.
Movement along the supply curve
This is said to be a movement along a supply curve when the quantity supplied of a commodity changes as a result of a change in its price “all other factors remaining constant”. It leads to a movement from one point to another on the same supply curve as shown below:
In (i) when price changes from OP0 to OP1 the movement is downwards from point X to point Y on the same supply curve S0S0. This leads to the supply of OQ1 instead of OQ0.
In (ii) when the price changes from OP2 to OP3 the movement is upwards from T to point Z on the same supply curve. The quantity supplied changes from OQ2 to OQ3.
Shift of a Supply curve
A shift of the supply curve is when the entire curve moves either to the left or right as a result of changes in factors influencing supply other than the price of the commodity involved.
In (iii) the whole supply curves S2S2 shifts to S3S3 resulting in the reduction of quantity supplied from OQ3 to OQ4 at the same price OP3 as before. Instead a point on curve S2S2
EQUILIBRIUM PRICE AND EQUILIBRIUM QUANTITY
A firm is an individual enterprise or business unit under one control an ownership e.g. a business unit carrying the production of a good or service such as production of soap or a legal service firm.
A firm is a single business unit or enterprise under one ownership, management and control e.g. KCC, Brookside etc.
An industry consists of all those firms producing the same type of products in the same line of production. A sop industry consists of all those firms producing soap while an insurance industry consists of all these firms providing insurance services.
An industry refers to a group of firms producing the same products for a given market e.g. the milk industry which includes firms such KCC and Brookside. In some cases where we have a single firm, the firm becomes the industry.
Businesses tend to provide goods and services that would yield maximum profit.
In order to survive in a competitive market, firms must come up with products with products that consumers prefer. A firm may therefore develop products that are not currently available or copy rivals ideals and improve on them.
A firm would produce commodities for which production costs are low.
A firm will produce commodities that have the highest demand since demand leads to high sales volume.
A firm can only produce commodities for which the necessary resources are available. Such resources include raw materials, labor, equipment, adequate space and appropriate technology.
A firm should produce goods which are favored by the government policy e.g. low taxation and subsidies. Firms should not produce goods that are illegal as it will be breaking the law.
The following are some of the ways/factors which the size of a firm may be determined:
A firm’s size may be judged by the level of output. A large firm will produce on large scale, while a small firm will produce on small scale.
A small firm is likely to employ only a few employees, while a large firm will most often employ many workers.
A firm with large floor area covered by premises may be said to be large.
Large firms control large proportions of the total market of a particular product. Small firms may only control a small size of the market.
The larger the capital of the firm in terms of assets the larger the firm and vice versa.
A large firm will most often adopt capital intensive methods of technology, where operations will be highly mechanized while small firms use more labour then machinery.
Small firms have low levels of sales with a given period while large firms have huge levels of sales.
Location is the site or place from which the business operations/firms would be established. The management has to make appropriate decisions concerning the location of the firm since a good location would lead to success while a bad location would lead to failure of the business enterprise.
Factors that influence the location of a firm
The availability of raw materials is one of the factors that determine the locations of a firm. Firms should be located near the source of raw material when:
Advantages of locating a firm near the source of raw materials
Labour is a basic factor of production. It can be skilled, unskilled or semi-skilled labour. It is important for firms ton be located in an area where there is large supply of labour so as to ensure adequate supply of this important factor. Location of the firms near the source of labour reduces the cost of transporting labour force to factories and also reduces time wasting in transporting labour from far.
Reasons for locating near market
A firm should be located in an area that is well served by means of transport. This ensures that both raw materials and finished products can be transported with ease.
A firm should be located in an area that is well served by means of communication. This ensures that the firm is able to communicate with its customers and suppliers, and vice versa.
Poor developed transport and communication facilities may lead to:
Industries require electric power to operate. They should, therefore be located where electricity is readily available.
Industries should be located in areas with adequate security .
Firms should be located where auxiliary services such as insurance, banking and warehousing are available.
Many firms require water in one or more processes. Such firms should be located in an area where water is readily available.
The government may formulate policies that may have implications on the location of the firms, especially with regard to physical planning. Such planning may be aimed at checking rural-urban migration, environmental degradation or for strategic concerns.
The government may therefore encourage the development of firms in some areas by offering concessions to industrialists such as:
LOCALISATION AND DELOCALISATION
Localization of firms is a situation where many firm are concentrated in a particular area.
Delocalization of firms describes a situation where location of firms is spread in different regions to minimize the problems of localization.
Advantages of localization
Disadvantages of localization
Advantages of delocalization
Disadvantages of delocalization
Ways in which the government may motivate industries to delocalize
ECONOMIES OF SCALE
Economies of scale are the benefits the firm or industry derives from expanding its scale of production/the advantages of operating on large scale.
There are two types of economies of scale;
Internal economies of scale
These are advantages that accrue to a single firm as its production increases, independent of what happens in the other firms in the industry.
Internal economies of scale result from an increase in the level of output and cannot be realized unless output increases.
The internal economies of scale may be achieved by a single plant of the firm or they may arise from an increase in the number of plants.
The internal economies of scale include;
These are the benefits which a firm derives from large purchases of inputs or factors of production due to the discounts offered in the process e.g. trade and quantity discounts
The firms may also incur less cost per unit in transportation of the goods bought
Selling economies of scale arise from the distribution and sale of the finished product as the scale of production increases, i.e it is likely to incur less cost per unit in areas such as advertising, distribution e.t.c
Large firms can also raise more funds through selling and buying of shares and debentures.
Diversification of markets or products can be done so that;
-Large scale firms are also able to obtain supplies from alternative sources so that failure in one does not significantly affect the activities of the firm.
Large firms are able to hire/employ specialized staff and management. This increases the firms efficiency and productivity i.e.
-the costs of hiring/employing the specialized staff/management are spread over a large number of units of output of variable cost of production.Thus,the cost of labour is minimized when production increases leading to increased profits.
These are benefits that accrue to a firm from the use of specialized labour and machinery. Large firms have access to large capital which they utilize to obtain those machines and hire the specialized labour.The machines use the latest technology and are put to full use, making the firm production more efficient i.e. cost of the machines and labour are spread over many units of output hence less costly but giving higher profits.
Large firms can afford to carry out research into better methods of production and marketing.(Research is necessary because of the increased competition in the business world today) This improves the quality of the products and increases the sales and profits made by the firm.
Large firms can easily provide social amenities to their employees including recreations, housing, education, canteens and wide range of allowances. These amenities work as incentives to boost the morale of the employees to work harder and increase the quality and quantity of output. This leads to higher sales and profits.
A large sized firm can establish warehouses to stock raw materials and therefore enjoy large stocks of raw materials for use when the raw materials are in short supply.Thus, the firm can avoid production stoppages that can be occasioned by shortages of the raw materials. The suppliers of such material may be sold at a higher price to realize profit.
External economies of scale;
External economies of scale are those benefits which accrue to a firm as a result of growth of the whole industry. They are realized by a firm due to its location near other firms. They include;
Diseconomies of scale
A firm cannot continue to expand indefinitely or without a limit.As a firm grows or industry expands, the benefits the firm can reap or get from such growth or expansion have a limit.
Any further expansion in the scale of production beyond the limit will actually create negative which would increase the cost of production.
The negative effects to a firm due to its size or scale of production are referred to as diseconomies of scale.
Diseconomies of scale are therefore the problems a firm experiences due to expansion.
Sources of diseconomies of scale
Diseconomies of scale may arise from;
There are two forms of diseconomies of scale fiz internal diseconomies and external diseconomies of scale.
Internal diseconomies of scale
These are the problems a firm experiences as a result of large scale production due to its persistant growth. They include;
These are the losses which may arise due to the failure of management to supervise and control the operations properly. This may be because the firm is large resulting into;
These are losses which may arise due to changes in consumer tastes. These may be as a result of;
When the output of a firm increases beyond a certain limit, some factors may set in to increase the average costs.e.g the overhead costs incurred in production and marketing activities may increase. This is because firms may intensify their promotional campaign, incur heavy transport expenses and be forced to offer generous discounts in an effort to attract more clients. All these are factors that may increase overheads without any corresponding increase in real benefits to the firm.
These are losses which may arise due to a firm’s inability to acquire adequate finances for its expansion. This will prevent the firm from expanding further thereby limiting its capacity to increase the volume of its output.
External diseconomies of scale
These are demerits that affirm experiences as a result of growth of the entire industry. These include;
-scramble for raw materials
-inavailability of land for expansion
-scramble for available labour
-competition for available market
-easy targets especially in times of war.
Existence of small firms in an economy
As the firm grows in size, its scale of production increases.However, many firms remain small even though they face stiff competition from larger firms. Some of the reasons for existence of small scale firms include;
Large scale production can only be sustained by a high demand for a product. If the demand for a product is low, it may not be advisable for a firm to produce on a large scale, hence it will remain small.
The nature of the product sometimes makes it impossible to produce in large quantities e.g. personal services e.g. hairdressing, painting or nursing can only be provided by an individual or a small firm.
Small firms have the considerable advantage of simplicity in organization. They avoid bureaucracy, wastage and managerial complexity associated with large scale organizations.
Where a firm intends to take advantage of simplicity, the proprietor may maintain its small firm.
Small firms are flexible i.e. one can easily switch from one business to another where an owner of a business wishes to maintain flexibility so as to take advantage of any new opportunity, he/she may have to maintain a small firm.
In a situation where proprietors want to avoid delay in decision-making, they may opt to maintain a small business as this would involve less consultation.
Many small businesses have the potential of expansion, yet their owners prefer to have them remain small believing that big businesses are difficult to run.
In situations where production costs rise too fast, such that diseconomies of scale set is very early, the firm has to remain small.
In order to retain control and independence, the owners of the firm may wish to keep it small.
In some situations, the laws may restrict the growth of a firm. In such circumstances the existing firms remain small.
As opposed to large scale firms, small firms require little amounts of capital to start and operate.
Implication of production activities on environmental and community health
As production activities take place in a given area, the environment and the health of the community around may be adversely affected by these activities. Some of these effects include;
This is caused by waste which is discharged into the atmosphere leading to contamination of the air. Such waste may be in funs of industrial emissions and toxic chemicals from the firms. These pollutants cause air-borne diseases. Acid rain due to such emission may also affect plants.
The term ‘market’ is usually used to mean the place where buyers and sellers meet to transact business. In Business studies, however, the term ‘market’ is used to refer to the interaction of buyers and sellers where there is an exchange of goods and services for a consideration.
NOTE: The contact between sellers and buyers may be physical or otherwise hence a market is not necessarily a place, but any situation in which buying and selling takes place. A market exists whenever opportunities for exchange of goods and services are available, made known and used regularly.
Definition:
-The features are mainly in terms of the number of sellers and buyers and whether the goods sold are homogeneous or heterogeneous
-Product market is also referred to as market structure.
-Markets may be classified according to the number of firms in the industry or the type of products sold in them..
TYPES OF PRODUCT MARKET
The number of firms operating in a particular market will determine the degree of competition that will exist in a given industry. In some markets there are many sellers meaning that the degree of competition is very high, where as in other markets there is no competition because only one firm exists.
When markets are classified according to the degree of competition, there are four main types, these are;
PERFECT COMPETITION
The word ‘perfect’ connotes an ideal situation.
This kind of situation is however very rare in real life; a perfect competition is therefore an hypothetical situation.
This is a market structure in which there are many small buyers and many sellers who produce a homogeneous product. The action of any firm in this market has no effect on the price and output levels in the market since its production is negligible.
Feature of Perfect Competition
Firms (suppliers) in such a market structure are therefore price takers i.e. they accept the prevailing market price for their products.
In this market structure, it is assumed that no barrier exists in entering or leaving the industry.
NOTE: The market (perfect competition) has normal demand and supply curves. The individual buyers demand curve is however; perfectly elastic since one can buy all what he/she wants at the equilibrium price. Similarly, the individual sellers supply curve is also perfectly elastic because one can sell all what he/she produces at the equilibrium price.
Perfect competition market hold on the following assumptions;
Examples of perfect competitions are very difficult to get in the real life but some transactions e.g. on the stock exchange market, are very close to this.
Criticism of the concept of perfect competition
In reality, there is no market in which perfect competition exists. This is due to the following factors:
MONOPOLY
A monopoly is a market structure in which only one firm produces a commodity which has no close substitutes.
Some of the features in this market structure are;
Price discrimination may be facilitated by conditions such as;
Market separation may be based on the following factors;
Sources of monopoly power
Advantages of monopoly
Disadvantages of monopoly
MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION
Monopolistic competition is a market structure that falls within the range of imperfect competition i.e. falls between perfect competition and pure monopoly. It is therefore a market structure that combines the aspects of perfect competition and those of a monopoly.
Since it is not possible to have a market that is perfectly competitive or a market that is pure monopoly in real world, all market structures in real world lie between the two and are thus known as imperfect market structures.
In a monopolistic market, there are many sellers of a similar product which is made to look different. This is known as product differentiation. These similar products are made different through packaging, design, colour, branding e.t.c
The following are the assumptions of a monopolistic competition.
OLIGOPOLY
This is a market structure where there are few firms. The firms are relatively large and command a substantial part of the market. It is a market structure between the monopolistic competition and monopoly.
Types of Oligopoly
Oligopoly may be classified according to the number of firms or the type of products they sell. They include;
Features of oligopoly
This feature explains why a firm in oligopolistic market faces two sets of demand curves resulting to a Kinked Demand Curve. One curve, for prices above the determined one, which is fairly gentle and the othere curve for prices below the determined one which is fairly steep.
THE KINKED DEMAND CURVE
iii) Sellers cannot increase price from price OPo to OP1 because the Quantity bought will decrease (fall).
increase in demand.
Introduction
Costs incurred by middlemen while distributing goods
CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTING VARIOUS PRODUCTS (refer to Inventor book three pages 50 to 53)
ROLES OF MIDDLEMEN
The following are some the roles performed by middlemen in the chain of distribution
FACTORS TO CONSIDER BEFORE SELECTING A DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL
Factors that influence the choice of a distribution channel include the following:
Questions
Terms used in national income
CIRCULAR FLOW OF INCOME
Assumptions/features of circular flow of income
Factors affecting the circular flow of income
The factors include the following:
Injections
Withdrawals
APPROACHES USED IN MEASURING NATIONAL INCOME
National income is arrived at summing expenditure on all final goods and services (that have reached the final stage of production). Such expenditure is divided into:
Therefore national income = C+I+G+(X – M)
Problems associated with expenditure approach
Problems related to this method
Assignment: Read and make short notes on Output approach (refer to Inventor book three pages 65 – 66).
USES OF NATIONAL INCOME STATISTICS
put their money. The statistics provide relevant information concerning the performance of each sector.
Factors which influences the level of national income.
Reasons why high per capita income is not an indicator of a better living standard in a country
Questions
Introduction
Population refers to the number of human beings living in a particular region at a particular time.
The size of the population is ascertained through national headcount, which is referred to as a national census. It is an international requirement that each country must hold a national census at least every ten years.
Population issues are major concerns to business people because people are consumers of goods and services as well as providers of factors of production.
Basic concepts in population
Factors that determine fertility rate
CBR= Number of Births x 1000
Total population
Factors that are likely to lead to high birth rates
Factors that may lead to decline in birth rates
MR= Number of death x 1000
Total population
This is a special ledger which is used to record cash and cheque transactions.
It contains only the cash in hand and cash at bank (i.e. cash and bank) accounts
This ledger is used to record business expenses and incomes (gains).It contains all the nominal accounts.
This ledger is used in recording private accounts i.e. confidential and valuable fixed assets and the personal accounts of the proprietors such as capital accounts and drawing accounts.
The general ledger contains all other accounts that are not kept in any other ledger e.g. buildings, furniture and stock accounts.
-Personal accounts of debtors or creditors who do not arise out of sale or purchase of goods on credit are found in the general ledger e.g. debtors as a result of sale of fixed asset on credit and expense creditors.
These are accounts that the business considers to be confidential and are not availed to everybody except the management and the owners.
-These accounts may be personal or impersonal.
-They include capital account, drawings accounts, trading, profit and loss accounts.
Types of ledgers
The following are the main types of ledgers that are used to keep the various accounts
This is the ledger in which accounts of individual debtors are kept.
-It is used to record the value of goods sold on credit and the customers to whom the credit sales are made, hence contains the personal names of the debtors.
-It is called a sales ledger because the accounts of debtors kept here in are as a result of sale of goods on credit. An account is kept for each customer to which is debited the value of credit sale. Payment made by the debtor are credited to the account and debited in the cash book.
The purchases ledger contains accounts of creditors i.e. contains the records of the value of goods bought on credit and the suppliers of such goods.
It is a record of the debts payable by the business due to credit purchases.
An account is kept for each creditor to the credit side of which is posted the value of.
This category of ledger accounts includes all other accounts that are not personal in nature e.g. buildings, purchases, rent, sales and discounts received.
Impersonal accounts fall into two types
These accounts are also used to draw up the balance sheet.
-All expenses, revenues, sales and purchases are hence nominal accounts.
-The main business expenses include purchases,sales,returns,insurance,stationary,repairs,depreciation,heating,discount allowed, lighting interests,printing,wages,rent,rates and advertising.
The value of losses is included in the same side as the expenses when drawing up the final accounts though it is not an expense.
-The income (revenues) include sales,returns,claims out, interest receivable, dividends receivable and commission receivable. Profit is usually categorised together with these incomes when drawing up the final accounts.
Classification of ledger accounts
Many businesses handle few transactions, hence they have few records to keep. Their accounts can thus be kept in a single ledger referred to as the general ledger
As a business grows the volume of transactions increases. This single ledger, therefore, becomes very bulky with accounts and it becomes difficult to make reference to it.
In order to simplify the recording of transactions and facilitate reference to the accounts, ledger accounts are usually classified and each category kept in a special ledger.
NOTE (i) Since many transactions are cash transactions which are normally recorded in the bank and cash accounts a need arises to remove them from the main/general ledger to a separate ledger called the cash book.
(ii) The number of ledgers kept depends on the size of the business.
Classes of accounts
All accounts can be classified into either personal or impersonal accounts.
-These are account of persons
-They relate to personal, companies or associations.
-They are mainly accounts of debtors and creditors.
NOTE: capital account is the proprietors personal account, showing the net worth of the business hence it is a personal account.
-The account balances of these accounts are used to draw up the balance sheet.
-In the ledger, the trial balance total is not affected.
Purpose of a trial balance
The purpose of a trial balance include;
i-The rule of double entry has been adhered to or observed/ complied with.
ii-There are arithmetical errors in the ledger accounts
Limitations of a trial balance
Even when the trial balance totals are equal, it does not mean that there are no errors made in the ledgers. This is because there are some errors that do not affect the trial balance.
A trial balance only assures the book keeper that the total of debit entries is equal to total credit entries. The errors that do not affect the trial balances are;
Dr.sales a/c
Cr.Lydius a/c instead of
Dr.Lydius a/c
Cr.sales a/c
TRIAL BALANCE
-A trial balance is a statement prepared at a particular date showing all the debit balances on one column and all the credit balances on another column.
NOTE: A trial balance is not an account but merely a list of assets, expenses and losses on the left and capital liabilities and incomes (including profits) on the right.
-The totals of a trial balance should agree if the double entry has been carried out correctly and there are no arithmetic errors both in the ledger as well as in the trial balance itself.
-If the two sides of a trial balance are not equal, it means there is an error or errors either in the trial balance or in the ledger accounts or in both.
Errors that may cause a trial balance not to balance
CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION (313)
4.10.1 Christian Religious Education Paper 1 (313/1)
(i) Job
(ii) Psalms
(iii) Proverbs
(iv) Ecclesiastes
(v) Song of Solomon.
5×1 5 marks
(b) Translation of the Bible from the original languages to local languages
(i) The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew.
(ii) The New Testament was originally written in Greek.
(iii) The Old Testament was translated from Hebrew into Greek.
(iv) The entire Bible was translated into Latin by Jerome.
(v) The Bible was translated directly from Hebrew and Greek into English by
William Tyndale.
(vi) The Bible was translated into national languages of European countries during
the period of Reformation.
(vii) It was translated from English into Kiswahili by Dr. Kraph.
(viii) The Bible has been translated into other local languages by the Bible Society of
Kenya/individuals.
4×2 8 marks
(c) Ways in which Christians use the Bible to spread the Gospel today.
(i) The Bible is the main source book for Christian sermons.
(ii) It is used in the writing of Christian literature.
(iii) The Bible is used when composing songs.
(iv) It is used in the production of Christian movies/videos/radio programs/plays.
(v) the Bible is used in swearing/taking of oath of allegiance.
(vi) It is used to organize Bible studies/teaching Sunday/Sabbath schools.
(vii) Verses from the Bible are used for imprints/posters.
(viii) The Bible is used in writing of doctrines for different denominations.
(ix) Biblical texts are used in teaching of Christian Religious Education.
(x) It is used to offer guidance and counselling.
7×1 7 marks
(i) God told Abraham to take his only son to the land of Moriah/ to offer him as a
sacrifice.
(ii) Abraham took his son, two servants and wood for burnt offering.
425
(iii) They arrived at the place after a three day’s journey.
(iv) Abraham commanded his servants to remain behind as he and Isaac went up to
worship.
(v) He took Isaac, the firewood and the knife, and went up.
(vi) Isaac asked his father where the lamb for the offering would come from.
(vii) Abraham told Isaac that God would provided the lamb for a burnt offering.
(viii) When they arrived at the place God had commanded, Abraham built an altar.
(ix) He bound Isaac/laid him on the altar upon the wood.
(x) Abraham took the knife to slay his son but the angel of the Lord stopped him.
(xi) Abraham saw a ram, which he offered instead of his son.
(xii) He called the name of the place, The Lord will provide.
(xiii) The angle appeared to Abraham a second time and gave him promises because
of his obedience.
(xiv) Abraham returned with his men to Beersheba.
6×1 6 marks
(b) Differences between Jewish and traditional African practices of circumcision.
(i) In Jewish Community, circumcision is for male children only whereas in African
practices, it is for both male and female.
(ii) Among the Jews, circumcision is performed on babies of 8 days old whereas in
traditional African communities, it is done during adolescence stage.
(iii) In African communities, it is a test of courage, whereas in Jewish community, it
is a sign of covenant with God.
(iv) Circumcision in African communities is a communal practice whereas among
the Jews, only members of the immediate family participate.
(v) In traditional African communities, initiates take up responsibilities while
among the Jews, the initiates are too young to shoulder any responsibility.
(vi) In African communities, circumcision is carried out during specific seasons
while among the Jews, it is continuous.
4×2 8 marks
(c) Ways in which Christians Identity themselves in the society today.
(i) Christians wear specific designs of clothes.
(ii) They abstain from eating some kinds of food/taking some drinks.
(iii) By carrying/wearing the rosary/cross/the flag/badges/rings.
(iv) They have special ways of greetings/salutations.
(v) Through making personal testimonies/pronouncements.
(vi) By owning specific Bible versions/literature.
(vii) Through speaking in tongues.
(viii) Use of specific church designs.
(ix) Use of different titles/ names.
(x) Through ways in which they worship.
(xi) By residing in secluded homes/houses.
6×1 6 marks
426
(i) He prayed/interceded for the people.
(ii) He mediated between God and the Israelites.
(iii) He performed priestly duties/made sacrifices.
(iv) He condemned King Saul for disobeying God.
(v) He warned the elders of Israel against demanding for a political King/dangers of
rejection.
(iv) He condemned King Saul for disobeying God.
(v) He warned the elders of Israel against demanding for a political King/dangers of
(vi) He anointed kings over Israel.
(vii) He obeyed God’s command’s /instructions/was exemplary.
4×2 8 marks
(b) Effects of idolatry in Israel during the time of Prophet Elijah.
(i) God raised prophets to bring Israel back to the covenant way of life.
(ii) There was persecution/hostility/towards Yahweh’s people/prophets.
(iii) Bad prophets/prophetesses were brought to Israel.
(iv) There was corruption/social injustices/people rejected the covenant way of life.
(v) Israelites practiced Semitism mixed the worship of Yahweh with Baal.
(vi) There was drought in Israel for three years as a divine curse on the nation.
(vii) Israel lost its identity as a nation of God’s people.
(viii) A contest was held at Mount Carmel to prove who was the true God.
(ix) Elijah fled the country/was sustained by God’s power during the period of the
drought.
6×1 6 marks
(c) Lessons Christians learn about social justice from the story of Naboth’s vineyard.
(i) Christians should not use their position in leadership to acquire wealth
irregulary/falsely.
(ii) Christians should protect the poor against corrupt leaders.
(iii) They should safe guard property received through inheritance/according to the
law.
(iv) They should not be misled by their friends/relatives to go against the law.
(v) Christians should execute justice/protest rights/freedom of citizens.
(vi) they should condemn all forms of injustice in the society.
(vii) Christians should champion/fight for the rights of the weak in the society.
(viii) There is punishment for those who exploit the poor/others.
6×1 6 marks
(i) False prophets did not have a divine call/raised themselves.
(ii) They spoke falsehoods/lies.
(iii) They prophesied out of their own minds/imaginations.
427
(iv) They prophesied what the people wanted to hear/according to circumstances.
(v) They misled people from the covenant way of life/promoted idolatry.
(vii) They hindered the work of true prophets.
(viii) They worked for material gain/paid for their services.
(ix) Their prophecies were not fulfilled.
6×1 6 marks
(b) The teaching of Prophet Amos on Israel’s election.
(i) Israel’s election was out of God’s own initiative/favour for them.
(ii) God delivered the Israelites out of bondage in Egypt.
(iii) He led them during the exodus.
(iv) He protected them in the wilderness.
(v) He defeated all their enemies.
(vi) God gave them special land to inherit.
(vii) God raised prophets among them to lead them in their religious life.
(viii) God was to punish the Israelites because of their disobedience.
6×1 6 marks
(c) Factors that hinder Christians from practicing their faith in God.
(i) Lack of role-models/mentorship.
(ii) Job commitment.
(iii) Social injustices.
(iv) Peer pressure.
(v) False teachings/different interpretation of the Bible.
(vi) Greed for power/wealth.
(vii) Permissiveness in society.
(viii) Science and technology.
(ix) Poverty/unemployment.
(x) Sickness/ill health.
(xi) Influence from mass media.
(xii) Cultural influence/Ethnicity/Racism.
(xiii) Gender bias.
(xiv) Generation gap.
8×1 8 marks
of the wall of Jerusalem.
(i) Nehemiah organized for the Mosaic law to be read/interpreted to the people.
(ii) He led the Jews in the renewal/celebration of the Feast of Booths /Shelters.
(iii) The people fasted/held a national day of confession of their sins.
(iv) The covenant was sealed through signing of the agreement by Nehemiah/
leaders.
(v) He led the people in taking of an oath of obedience to the Mosaic law/
contribution towards the maintenance of the temple.
(vi) Nehemiah re-distributed the inhabitants of Jerusalem/the countryside.
428
(vii) He dedicated the walls /the gates of Jerusalem in a ceremonial procession.
(viii) Through the reading of the law, the Jews isolated themselves from the
foreigners.
(ix) Nehemiah cleansed the temple/brought back the Levites/singers to their
positions.
(x) He stopped traders from carrying out commercial activities at the temple gates
on the Sabbath day.
(xi) Nehemiah made the Jews take an oath not to marry children to foreigners.
7×1 7 marks
(b) Why Nehemiah introduced the Policy of separation of Jews from foreigners.
(i) Nehemiah wanted to keep the Jewish community pure.
(ii) The Jews were a minority group which needed to preserve their identity/culture.
(iii) Nehemiah wanted to separate/unite the Jews who returned from exile.
(iv) To solve conflicts over land ownership.
(v) Intermarriage would lead the Jews into idolatry.
(vi) The law of Moses was against association with foreigners.
(vii) Children born out of intermarriage could not speak the Hebrew language.
(viii) Religious reforms could not be effectively carried out.
4×2 8 marks
(c) Ways in which the government of Kenya supports church leaders in their work.
(i) The government gives financial/material assistance for development.
(ii) The government supports church-sponsored institutions.
(iii) By setting land aside for construction of church facilities.
(iv) The government allows freedom of worship.
(v) By availing facilities to host church workshops/seminars/conferences.
(vi) By including CRE in the curriculum.
(vii) By employing some of them as Chaplains in education institutions and in the
armed forces.
(viii) Organizing national prayer days.
(ix) Supporting leaders in conducting their charitable services.
(x) Through the development of the infrastructure.
(xi) The government has granted permission to the church to operate electronic/
media station.
(xii) The government recognizes the church calender.
5×1 5 marks
(i) Curses
(ii) Witchcraft
(iii) Sorcery/magic
(iv) Breaking of taboos
(v) Failure to perform certain taboos
(vi) Breaking of an oath
(vii) Offending the ancestors
429
(viii) Natural calamity
(ix) Wars and raids.
6×1 6 marks
(b) Significance of rituals performed after the death of a person in traditional African
Communities.
(i) Wailing/crying is a sign of sorrow/announcing death.
(ii) Making sacrifices to appease the ancestors/deceased.
(iii) Prayers are made to ask the ancestors to accept the dead in the world of spirits.
(iv) Sharing of members of the bereaved family signify new life in the community.
(v) Singing and dancing depict anger towards death/in praise of the dead.
(vi) Washing/oiling of the body before burial shows respect to the departed .
(vii) Burying of the dead in the ancestral land shows that one is still a member of the
community.
(viii) Burying the dead with personal belongings symbolizes life after death.
(ix) Driving of cattle/livestock shows chasing away of evil spirits which caused
death.
(x) Feasting/drinking is meant to bid farewell to the dead.
(xi) Breaking of pots/destruction of property symbolizes the disorder brought by
death.
(xiii) Sharing of deceased’s property among relatives as a sign of solidarity.
(xiv) Lighting of fire signifies chasing away evil spirits/warning spirits of the
deceased.
(xiv) Pouring of libation shows continuity of life.
7×1 = 7 marks
(c) Moral Values promoted during Funeral Ceremonies in traditional African Communities
(i) Cooperation/unity
(ii) Responsibility
(iii) Respect
(iv) Obedience
(v) Loyalty
(vi) Honesty
(vii) Courage
(viii) Love
(ix) Faith/trust
(x) Hope
(xi) Thankfulness
(xii) Self control
(xiii) Generosity.
430
7×1 = 7 marks
4.10.2 Christian Religious Education Paper 2 (313/2)
(i) Angel Gabriel appeared to Zechariah as he performed his priestly duties in the
temple;
(ii) The angel stood by the right side of the alter;
(iii) Zechariah was filled with fear when he saw the angel;
(iv) The angel told him not to be afraid because his prayer had been heard;
(v) The angel told Zechariah that the wife would bear him a son/the son would be
called John;
(vi) The angel informed Zechariah the work/qualities of the son to be born.
(vii) Zechariah did not believe the angel’s message because he and his wife were
advanced in age;
(viii) The angel revealed his identity as Gabriel who had been sent by God to bring
the message.
(ix) Because of his unbelief, the angel made him dumb until the baby is born.
6 x 1 = 6 marks
(b) What Christians learn about the person and mission of John the baptist from the
message of angel Gabriel to Zechariah.
(i) John would bring joy/gladness to many people;
(ii) He would be great before God;
(iii) John would be a Nazarite/would not drink any wine;
(iv) He would be filled with the Holy spirit;
(v) He would reconcile the Israelites with God.
(vi) He would have the spirit/power of Elijah.
(vii) He would bring justice;
(viii) He would prepare people for the coming of the Messiah.
6 x 1 = 6 marks
(c) Ways in which the church in Kenya assists families to cope with challenges facing
them
(i) The church organises seminars/workshops for different groups on family life;
(ii) Offering guidance and counselling;
(iii) Paying visits to families;
(iv) Producing/disseminating literature on proper christian living;
(v) Preaching financial/material support to the ready families;
(vi) Giving financial/material support to the ready families;
(vii) Praying for the families;
(viii) Providing vocational training;
(ix) Offering employment to jobless people;
(x) Condemning vices which threaten families.
8 x 1 = 8 marks
431
(i) Jesus was standing by the lake of Gennesaret;
(ii) He saw two boats without the fishermen;
(iii) He entered Simon’s boat/asked them to push it into the water;
(iv) He sat down/taught people from the boat;
(v) He asked Simon to push the boat into the deep water/cast the nets for a catch;
(vi) Simon told Jesus that they had been fishing the whole night without success;
(vii) He obeyed Jesus’ command/let the nets down;
(viii) They caught a lot of fish/asked their partners in the other boat to assist them
remove the nets.
(ix) They filled both boats with fish/the boats began to sink;
(x) Simon Peter and his companions were astonished at the miraculous catch of
fish/Peter asked Jesus to depart from him because he was sinful man.
(xi) Jesus told Peter not to be afraid because he was to catch men from then;
(xii) They brought their boats to land/followed Jesus.
8 x 1 = 8 marks
(b) Reasons why Jesus chose the twelve disciples
(i) In order to teach them the secrets of the Kingdom of God.
(ii) To have companions/person assistants;
(iii) To form an inner grap which should assist him during his public ministry;
(iv) To be witnesses to his saving acts in the world;
(v) To reveal his person/give a new understanding of his messiahship;
(vi) It symbolised the reconstruction of the twelve tribes of Israel.
(vii) To train/prepare them for the mission after his death.
(viii) To lay a foundation for the establishment of the church.
(ix) To continue with the biblical theme of election in which God chooses anyone to
serve him.
6 x 1 = 6 marks
(c). Lessons that christians learn from the call of the first disciples.
(i) Christians learn that God chooses anyone regardless of their status in the
society;
(ii) He gives them duties/responsibilities to serve him in various capacities;
(iii) They should be obedient to Jesus’ instructions/commands;
(iv) Christians should be humble/accept their weaknesses;
(v) They learn that God can intervene in their lives;
(vi) Christians should work together as a team;
(vii) God reveals himself in everyday activities;
(viii) Christians should be ready to abandon forsake their past lives fort he sake of
Christ.
(ix) They should respond to Jesus’ call instantly/immediately.
6 x 1 = 6 marks
432
(i) Believers should be dressed for his coming;
(ii) They should keep their lamps burning;
(iii) They should be awake/alert;
(iv) Those who are found waiting
(v) They should be prepared at all times since they do not know the time for
Christ’s coming;
(vi) Believers should continue working until Christ comes back;
(vii) The servants/believers who are drunkards/mistreat fellow workers will be
punished;
(viii) Those who know what is required of them/their masters will and fail to do it
will receive a severe beating;
(ix) Believers are expected to respond to God according to how much they have
received from Him.
(x) Those who do wrong out of ignorance will receive lesser beatings/punishment.
8 x 1 = 8 marks
(b) The parable of the widow and the unjust judge
(i) There was a judge who neither feared God nor regarded man;
(ii) There was a widow who kept on coming to the judge to settle a case between
her and her enemies/adversaries;
(iii) The judge at first refused to grant the request of the widow;
(iv) The widow did not give up/persisted on her request;
(v) The judge was afraid of getting warn out by the widows’ insistence;
(vi) The judge finally accepted to grant the widow her request.
(vii) Jesus said that God would vindicate/grant the request of those who pray to Him
persistently;
(viii) Jesus said that God responds to these who pray to Him in faith speedily.
6 x 1= 6 marks
(c) Reasons why Christians should have faith in god
(i) God fulfills the promises he makes to human beings;
(ii) Faith is a requirement for all Christians;
(iii) Those who pray in faith receive their request;
(iv) Christians are dependent on God for all things;
(v) Faith is a sign of commitment to God;
(vi) It is through faith, in God that Christians can perform miracles/great things.
(vii) Christians who have faith in God can be saved/healed;
(viii) Faith in God helps Christians to overcome temptations/face challenges/
persecutions;
433
(ix) Faith in God enables the Christians to wait patiently for second coming of
Jesus/Kingdom of God.
6 x 1 =6 marks
(i) Word of Wisdom;
(ii) Word of Knowledge;
(iii) Gift of Faith;
(iv) Gift of Healing;
(v) Gift of working miracles;
(vi) Gift of Prophecy;
(vii) Gift of speaking in tongues;
(viii) Interpreting of tongues;
(x) Distinguishing between spirits.
8 x 1 = 8 marks
(b) How the life of peter was transformed on the day of pentecost
(i) He was filled with the power of the Holy Spirit;
(ii) He spoke in tongues;
(iii) He defended the apostles that they were not drunk;
(iv) Peter become courageous;
(v) He preached the word of God;
(vi) He became a witness of the work/death and resurrection of Jesus Christ;
(vii) He was able to remember/narrate old testament scriptures;
(viii) He gained wisdom/advised the people on what to do.
6 x 1 =6 marks
(c) Ways in which the gifts of the holy spirit are abused in the church today
(i) Some Christians pretend that they have a certain gift of the Holy spirit;
(ii) By asking for payment before healing the sick;
(iii) Christians misuse the gift of prophecy by giving wrong information;
(iv) Some Christians may impart demonic powers on the innocent/ignorant as they
claim to perform miracles;
(v) Some Christians who possess the gifts of the Holy spirit develop pride/
arrogance;
(vi) Some use the gifts to bring division in the church/creating splinter groups;
(vii) Some Christians refuse to utilize the gifts they posses/personalize the gifts;
(viii) Speaking in tongues during worship leads to disorder/confusion if the tongues
are not interepreted/understood.
6 x 1 = 6 marks
434
(i) Leisure enables an individual to spend time with God;
(ii) It enables one to rest the body;
(iii) It helps one to rejuvenate/regain lost energy;
(iv) It offers an opportunity for one to socialise with friends/family;
(v) People are able to discover new ideas/information during leisure time;
(vi) It gives one opportunity to develop talents;
(vii) It enables one to serve others/the needy;
(viii) It provides an opportunity for one to take care of the environment;
(ix) It helps to maintain/improve one’s health.
6 x 1 = 6 marks
(b) Leisure activities common to Christianity and Traditional African Communities
(i) Singing/dancing;
(ii) Storytelling/proverbs/riddles;
(iii) Sporting activities;
(vi) Visiting/travelling;
(v) Weaving/Basketing/Crafts;
(vi) Retreats;
(vii) Gardening;
(viii) Buying/exchange of goods;
(ix) Taking siesta;
(x) Education/training.
7 x 1 = 7 marks
(c) The dangers of using illicit drugs in Kenya today:
(i) There is an increase in rate of crimes committed;
(ii) Use of illicit drugs leads to sexual immorality/contracting sexually transmitted
infections/HIV and Aids;
(iii) Dependence on illicit drugs depletes resources leading to poverty;
(iv) Illicit drugs can damage vital organs;
(v) Illicit drugs causes indiscipline in institutions of learning;
(vi) The number of street children/families is increasing as a result of using the drugs
(vii) Use of illicit drugs is illegal/the offenders are liable for punishment;
(viii) Use of illicit drugs can cause employer/employee conflicts;
(ix) Illicit drug users become irresponsible/quarrelsome/irritable leading to family
disagreements/breakup.
(x) Use of illicit drugs can lead to murder/death.
7 x 1 = 7 marks
435
(i) Modern means of transport enables human beings to travel faster;
(ii) Use of electronic/print media: human beings are able to access/pass information
to large audience;
(iii) Use of industrial machines enables work to be done faster/efficiently;
(iv) Use of fertilizers/Agricultural machinery has led to increased production/yields/
preservation of food.
(v) Use of medicine/medical equipment has prolonged human life/reduces
suffering;
(vi) Use of equipment related to weather forecast assists human beings in
understanding their environment;
(vii) New sources of energy have enhanced human life.
4 x 2 = 8 marks
(b) Reasons why Christians are opposed to euthanasia
(i) God is the only one who gives life and thus should be the one to take it away.
(ii) Euthanasia equals to murder which is biblically condemned/Thou shall not kill.
(iii) It destroys God’s image in human beings;
(iv) Human judgement is limited and therefore cannot make correct decision on
terminating the life of others;
(v) Medical ethics only allows a doctor to sustain life and not to take it away;
(vi) It is against Jesus’ mission on earth to heal the sick;
(vii) Suffering is part of a christian’s life from the teachings of Jesus and therefore it
cannot be used to justify euthanasia;
(viii) The works of mercy involve saving life/not destroying it;
(ix) It is a constitutional right to uphold human life.
6 x 1 = 6 marks
(c) Ways in which Christians can help to control desertification
(i) Christians need to practise afforestation/reafforestation programmes;
(ii) By practising agro-forestry;
(iii) Using alternative sources of energy as opposed to charcoal/firewood.
(iv) Providing education to the public or how to preserve the environment;
(v) Participating in environmental conservation programme;
(vi) Donating/giving financial assistance to bodies that control desertification;
(vii) Protecting all water catchment areas;
(viii) Carrying/practising better methods of farming;
(ix) Reporting cases of forest destruction to relevant authorities;
(x) By participating in the enactment of laws on environmental conservation;
(xi) Providing guidance and counselling/advice to those involved in activities related
to environmental degradation.
6 x 1 = 6 marks
AGRIC, F2, T1
REFERENCES: Longhorn Secondary Agriculture Book , Golden Tips KCSE Agriculture, Certificate Agriculture Book, KLB Top Mark Agriculture, KLB Secondary Agriculture, Teacher’s Guide
WK |
LSN |
TOPIC |
SUB-TOPIC
|
OBJECTIVES |
L/ACTIVITIES |
L/T AIDS |
REFERENCE |
REMARKS |
|
1 |
1 |
Soil Fertility |
Essential elements |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to List essential elements Classify the essential elements |
Listing essential elements Classifying the essential elements |
Students book Charts on classification of essential minerals |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 1,6
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 1-2 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 1-2 Teachers guide pg 33-36 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 37, 39 Top mark Agriculture page 37 |
|
|
2-3 |
Soil Fertility (II) |
Essential elements |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State the role of each macro-element Describe the deficiency symptoms of the macro-nutrients |
Stating the role of macro-elements Describing the deficiency symptoms of the macro-nutrients |
Photographs Tables in student books Plant samples |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 1-5
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 2-5 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 2-12 Teachers guide pg 33-36 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 1-4 Top mark Agriculture page 37-38 |
||
|
2 |
1 |
Soil Fertility (I) |
Essential elements |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to State the role of each micro-element Describe the deficiency symptoms of the macro-nutrients |
Stating the role of micro nutrients Describing their deficiency symptoms |
Photographs Tables in the students book Plant samples |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 6-7
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 1-2 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 10-11 Teachers guide pg 33-36 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 66-68 Top mark Agriculture page 75 |
|
|
2-3 |
Soil Fertility (II) |
Inorganic fertilizers |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Classify fertilizers Identify fertilizers Describe the properties of various fertilizers |
Classifying fertilizers Identifying fertilizers Describing the properties of various fertilizers |
Photographs of fertilizers Students book Fertilizers samples |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 7-12
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 5-8 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 11-18 Teachers guide pg 36-38 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 66-70 |
||
|
3 |
1 |
Soil Fertility (II) |
Inorganic fertilizers |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State methods of fertilizer application Explaining various methods of fertilizer application |
Stating various methods Explaining various methods of fertilizer application Describing the various methods of fertilizer application |
School farm Buckets Fertilizer samples Panga Soil Spade |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 12-13
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 9 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 18-21 Teachers guide pg 36-38 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 70 |
|
|
2-3 |
Soil Fertility (II) |
Inorganic fertilizers |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Calculate the fertilizer grade Calculate fertilizer ratio Determine fertilizer amount per lecture |
Calculating fertilizer rates |
School farm Students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 6-7
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 1-2 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 10-11 Teachers guide pg 33-36 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 66-68 Top mark Agriculture page 75 |
||
|
4 |
1 |
Soil Fertility |
Soil Sampling |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define soil sampling Explain the sampling methods Describe sampling procedures |
Defining soil sampling Explain the sampling methods Describing sampling procedures |
Charts Soil samples Students book Polythene bags |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 20-21
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 11 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 23-24 Teachers guide pg 39-41 Top mark Agriculture page 41-42 |
|
|
2-3 |
Soil Fertility |
Soil testing |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define soil testing Explain the importance of soil testing Describe soil testing procedure Explain how soil PH affects crop production |
Defining soil testing Explaining the importance of soil testing Describing soil testing procedure Explaining how |
Test tubes Diagrams in students book Distilled water Soil testing reagents PH scale |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 22-26
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 12-13 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 24-28 Teachers guide pg 39-41 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 71 Top mark Agriculture page 42 |
||
|
5 |
1 |
Crop Production (II) |
Planting materials |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to Describe types of planting materials State advantages and disadvantages of planting materials |
Describing types of planting materials Stating the advantages and disadvantages |
Seed samples Vegetative parts Students book School farm |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 27-28
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 15-17 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 1 pg 33-35 Teachers guide pg 45-46 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 28 |
|
|
2-3 |
Crop production (II) |
Planting materials |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to State various parts used for vegetative propagation Describe various parts used for vegetative propagation |
Stating various parts Describing various parts used for vegetative propagation |
School farm Various vegetative parts Diagrams in the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 29-34
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 15-17 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 35-40 Teachers guide pg 45-47 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 29-30 |
||
|
6 |
1 |
Crop Production (II) |
Selection of planting materials |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Select planting materials |
Selecting planting materials |
Tape measure Student’s books School farm Planting line Seed dressers Planting materials |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 34-35
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 18-19 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 35-40 Teachers guide pg 47-48 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 30 |
|
| 2-3 |
Crop Production (II) |
Preparation of Planting Breaking seed dormancy Dressing Seed inoculation chitin |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Prepare planting materials Determine optimum planting time Describe methods of planting
|
Preparing planting materials Determining optimum planting time Describing methods of planting |
Planting line Tape measure Planting materials |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 35-39
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 20-22 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 49-50 Teachers guide pg 35-39 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 30-32 |
||
|
7 |
1 |
Crop production (II) |
Plant population |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Calculate plant population of various crops |
Calculating plant population |
Charts School farm Seeds for planting |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 29-34
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 26 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 49-50 Teachers guide pg 50-51 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 32 |
|
|
2-3 |
Crop Production (II) |
Spacing seed rate planting depth |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State factors determining spacing, seed rate and depth Explain the factors which determine spacing depth and seed rate |
Stating factors Explaining factors which determine spacing, depth and seed rate |
Tape measure School farm Panga Jembe Students book diagram |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 42-45
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 24-26 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 50-54 Teachers guide pg 51-52 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 32-33 |
||
|
8 |
1 |
Crop Production (III) Nursery practices |
Nursery practices Nursery bed Seed bed Seedling bed |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define nursery practices Describe nursery bed, seed bed and seedling bed Distinguish between nursery, seedling and seed bed |
Garden tools School farm Nursery beds Students book Diagrams on the students book charts |
garden tools school farm nursery beds students book diagrams on the students book charts |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 46
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 28 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 56-57 Teachers guide pg 54-56 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 34 |
|
|
2-3 |
Crop Production (III) Nursery Practices |
Nursery bed Importance Site selection Vegetable nurseries |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State the importance of nursery in crop propagation Select a suitable site for the nursery Prepare a nursery bed for vegetables |
Stating importance of nursery Selecting suitable sites for nursery Preparing nursery bed for vegetables
|
Nursery beds School farm Diagrams from students books Garden tools Students books |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 46-49
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 28-29 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 57-58 Teachers guide pg 54-56 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 34-35 Top mark Agriculture page 34 |
||
|
9 |
1 |
Crop Production (III) Nursery Practices |
Nursery establishment |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to © Education Plus Agencies Establish a vegetable nursery Establish a tree nursery |
Establishing a vegetable and a tree nursery |
Charts Diagrams from students book School farm School nurseries Boxes Grass |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 48-49
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 29-32 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 58-60 Teachers guide pg 54-56 Top mark Agriculture page 34 |
|
| 2-3 | Crop production (III) | Nursery Establishment | By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to
Establish tea nursery using cuttings Manage a nursery bed |
Establishing tea nursery using cuttings
Managing nursery bed |
Tea cuttings photographs
School farm Diagrams from students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 49-51
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 30-32 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 60-62 Teachers guide pg 54-58 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 35 |
||
|
10 |
1 |
Crop production (III) |
Grafting |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define grafting Describe the methods of grafting Give reasons for grafting |
Defining grafting Describing methods of grafting Giving reasons for grafting |
Knives Grafting materials Students book Raising boxes |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 53-55
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 35-36 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 64-65 Teachers guide pg 58-59 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 36 Top mark Agriculture page 35-36 |
|
|
2-3 |
Budding |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define budding Describe methods of budding State the importance of budding |
Defining budding Describing methods of budding Giving reasons for budding |
School farm Water Budding materials Students book knives |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 55-58
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 34-35 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 66-70 Teachers guide pg 57-59 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 36 Top mark Agriculture page 35 |
|||
|
11 |
1 |
Crop Production (III) |
layering |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define layering Describe methods of layering State the importance of layering |
Defining layering Describing methods of layering Giving importance of layering |
Peg Strings School farm Root medium Student books |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 58-60
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 41-44 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 71-72 Teachers guide pg 59 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 36-37 Top mark Agriculture page 35 |
|
|
2-3 |
Crop production (III) |
Tissue culture Transplanting seedlings |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define tissue culture Explain importance of tissue culture in crop propagation Describe the procedure of transplanting seedlings |
Defining tissue culture Explaining importance of tissue culture Describing procedure of transplanting seedlings |
School farm Garden trowel School nursery Seedlings Diagrams Students books |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 61-66
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 41-44 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 72-77 Teachers guide pg 60-61 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 36-37 Top mark Agriculture page 35 |
||
| 12
13 |
TOPICAL REVISION | |||||||
| 14 | END OF TERM ONE EXAMINATIONS | |||||||
| 15 | CLOSING | |||||||
AGRIC, F2, T2
REFERENCES: Longhorn Secondary Agriculture Book , Golden Tips KCSE Agriculture, Certificate Agriculture Book, KLB Top Mark Agriculture, KLB Secondary Agriculture, Teacher’s Guide
WK |
LSN |
TOPIC |
SUB-TOPIC
|
OBJECTIVES |
L/ACTIVITIES |
L/T AIDS |
REFERENCE |
REMARKS |
|
1 |
1 |
Crop Production (IV) Field practices |
Crop Rotation |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define crop rotation Explain the importance of crop rotation State principles of crop rotation |
Defining crop rotation Explaining the importance of crop rotation Stating principles of crop rotation |
Charts School farm Diagrams in the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 67-68
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 50 Teachers guide pg 59 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 40 Top mark Agriculture page 43 |
|
|
2-3 |
Crop production (IV) field practices |
Crop Rotation |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Identify factors influencing crop rotation Draw a crop rotation programme Distinguish terms used in crop farming |
Identifying factors influencing crop rotation Drawing a crop rotation progamme Distinguishing terms used in crop farming |
Photographs Charts School farm Diagrams in the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 69-71
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 50-51 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 79-80 Teachers guide pg 84-88 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 40-42 |
||
|
2 |
1 |
Field Practices |
Mulching |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define mulching State the importance of mulching |
Defining mulching Stating the importance of mulching
|
Samples of mulch School farm Photograph in students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 71-72
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 51-52 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 82-84 Teachers guide pg 59 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 36-37 Top mark Agriculture page 43
|
|
|
|
2-3 |
Field Practices |
Routine Field practices Thinning Gapping Training |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State the various routine practices Describe importance of field practices Carry out field practices |
Stating various routine practices Describing importance of field practices Carrying out field practices |
School farm Pruning saw Pruning knives Jembes Diagrams in students book wire |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 72-74
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F1 pg 52-54 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 88-90 Teachers guide pg 67-68 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 36-37 Top mark Agriculture page 44 |
|
|
3 |
1 |
Field Practices |
Pruning |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define pruning Give reasons for pruning Describe procedure of pruning |
Defining pruning Giving reasons for pruning Describing the procedure of pruning |
Running tools School farm Diagrams in the students book secateurs |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 73-75
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 41-44 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 91-93 Teachers guide pg 67-68 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 42-43 Top mark Agriculture page 44 |
|
|
2-3 |
Field practices |
Tea Pruning |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Describe methods of pruning in tea Describe plucking table formation |
Describe methods of pruning in tea Describing the plucking table formation Note taking Demonstration of plucking table formation |
Pegs Rings School farm Charts Diagrams in the students book Photographs farms |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 76-80
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 54-57 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 93-96 Teachers guide pg 67-68 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 43 |
||
|
4 |
1 |
Field practices |
Coffee pruning |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to
Give reasons for pruning coffee Describing the methods of pruning coffee |
Giving reasons for pruning coffee Describing the methods of pruning coffee |
Farms Photographs Diagrams in the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 81-84
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 57-59 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 96-98 Teachers guide pg 67-68 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 43-44 |
|
|
2-3 |
Field practices |
Pruning in bananas Pruning pyrethrum Earthling up Weed control Pest and disease control |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Describe how to carry out the routine field practices State the importance of each practices |
Stating the importance of various practices Describing how to carry out the routine field practices |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 85-87
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 60 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 98-101 Teachers guide pg 67-68 Top mark Agriculture page 44 |
|||
|
5 |
1 |
Field Practices |
Harvesting |
By the end of the lesson, the end of the learner should be able to State the stage of harvesting Explain timing of harvesting Describe the methods of harvesting |
Stating the stage of harvesting Explaining timing of harvesting Describing harvesting methods |
Crops Photographs in students book Diagrams in the students book School farm |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 73-75
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 60 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 101-104 Teachers guide pg 68 Top mark Agriculture page 44-45 |
|
|
2-3 |
Field Practices |
Post harvesting practices |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to explain post harvesting practices state importance of storage describe storage methods
|
explaining post harvesting practices stating importance of storage describing harvesting methods |
crops photographs in students book diagrams in the students book school farm |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 90-94
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 60-66 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 103-105 Teachers guide pg 67-68 Top mark Agriculture page 45 |
||
|
6 |
1 |
Crop production (V) vegetables |
Cabbages/kales |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State importance of vegetables Describe the production of the vegetable crop from nursery to harvesting Keep crop production records Market the vegetable produce
|
Stating importance of vegetables Describing vegetable production Keeping crop production record marketing the vegetable produce |
pesticides herbicides fertilizers photographs students book school farm crops |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 96-99
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 74-78 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 107-111 Teachers guide pg 72-75 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 47-48 Top mark Agriculture page 45 |
|
|
2-3 |
Crop production (V) vegetable |
Cabbages/Kales |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to
State importance of vegetables Describe the production of the vegetable crops from nursery to harvesting Keep crop production records Market the vegetable produce |
Stating importance of vegetables Describing vegetable production Keeping crop production records Marketing the vegetable produce |
Pesticides Herbicides Fertilizers Photographs Diagrams from the students book Crops School farm |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 96-99
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 60-66 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 107-111 Teachers guide pg 72-75 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 47-48 |
||
|
7 |
1 |
Crop production (V) vegetables production |
Tomatoes |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State the importance of tomatoes Describe the production of tomatoes from nursery to harvesting Keep crop production records Market the produce |
Stating the importance of tomatoes Describing tomatoes production Keeping crop production records Marketing the produce |
Photographs Students book School farm Garden tolls Pesticides Herbicides fertilizers |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 100-106
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 67-71 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 112-115 Teachers guide pg 67-68 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 48-49 |
|
|
2-3 |
Crop production (V) vegetable production |
Carrots onions |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to State importance of carrots and onions Describe the production of tomatoes from nursery to harvesting Keep crop production records Market the produce |
Stating the importance of carrots & onions Describing their production Keeping crop production records Marketing the produce |
School farm Garden tools Pesticides Herbicides Fertilizers photographs |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 90-94
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 60-66 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 103-105 Teachers guide pg 67-68 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 42-43 Top mark Agriculture page 48-49 |
||
|
8 |
1 |
Livestock Health (I) Disease |
Health disease |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to Define health and disease State the importance of livestock health State the predisposing factors of diseases |
Defining health and disease Stating the importance of livestock health Stating the predisposing factors of diseases |
Livestock species Farm Students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 115-119
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 82-85 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 121-122 Teachers guide pg 77 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 52 Top mark Agriculture page 80 |
|
|
2-3 |
Livestock health (i) disease |
Signs of ill/good health in livestock |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to Describe signs of sickness in livestock Describe signs of good health in livestock |
Describing signs of sickness in livestock Describing signs of good health in livestock |
Livestock species Farm animals Diagrams in the students book Farm |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 116-119
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 82-85 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 123-124 Teachers guide pg 77 Top mark Agriculture page 80 |
||
|
9 |
1 |
Livestock Health (Disease) |
Classification of livestock diseases Causes of livestock diseases |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to Explain the causes of livestock diseases Classify livestock diseases |
Explaining causes of livestock diseases Classifying livestock diseases |
Student book Chart Farm animals Tables in the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 120-125
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 86-88 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 123-124 Teachers guide pg 77 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 52-53 |
|
|
2-3 |
Livestock Health (disease) |
General methods of disease control |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Describe the various methods of disease control Carry out disease control measures |
Describing methods of disease control Carrying out disease control |
Livestock tolls Farm animals Students book Diagrams in the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 125-128
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 89-91 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 126-127 Teachers guide pg 78-79 Top mark Agriculture page 80 |
||
|
10 |
1-3 |
Livestock Health (Disease) |
Appropriate methods of handling livestock |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State the reasons why animals are handled Explain the reasons why animals are handled |
Stating the reasons Explaining the reasons why animals are handles |
Farms animals Charts Diagrams in students book Photographs |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 129
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 92 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 128-133 Teachers guide pg 79-80 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 54 Top mark Agriculture page 81 |
|
|
11 |
1-3 |
Livestock Health (Disease) |
Appropriate methods of handling livestock |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State various methods of handling livestock Demonstrate a caring attitude towards livestock |
Stating various methods of handling livestock Demonstrating a caring attitude towards livestock0 |
Diagrams in the students books Farm animals photographs Charts Students books |
LB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 129-132
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 95-96 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 128-133 Teachers guide pg 79-80 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 54 |
|
| 12 | TOPICAL REVISION | |||||||
| 13 | END OF TERM TWO EXAMINATIONS | |||||||
| 14 | CLOSING | |||||||
AGRIC, F2, T3
REFERENCES: Longhorn Secondary Agriculture Book , Golden Tips KCSE Agriculture, Certificate Agriculture Book, KLB Top Mark Agriculture, KLB Secondary Agriculture, Teacher’s Guide
WK |
LSN |
TOPIC |
SUB-TOPIC
|
OBJECTIVES |
L/ACTIVITIES |
L/T AIDS |
REFERENCE |
REMARKS |
|
1 |
1 |
Livestock Health II (Parasites) |
Host parasite relationship |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define parasites Explain their effects on host |
Defining a parasite Explaining the effects of parasites |
Farm animals Parasite specimen students book Photographs |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 133-134
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 98 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 134 Teachers guide pg 83 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 56 |
|
|
2-3 |
Livestock Health (II) parasites |
Types of parasites –External parasites ticks |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Identify types of ticks Describe the life cycle of the parasite Identify the livestock attacked State the control measures |
Identifying types of ticks Describing the life cycle of the parasite Identifying the livestock attacked stating the control measures |
Parasite specimen Photographs Students book Farm animals |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 138-143
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 98-102 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 135-139 Teachers guide pg 83-85 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 56-58 Top mark Agriculture page 82 |
||
|
2 |
1 |
Livestock Health (Parasites) |
External parasites Tsetse fly mites |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Describe the life cycle of parasite Identify the livestock attacked State the control measures |
Describing the life cycle of the parasite Identifying the livestock attacked Stating the control measures |
Farm animals Parasites specimen Students book Photographs Diagrams from the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 134-135
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 103,104,107 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 139-141 Teachers guide pg 83-85 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 52
|
|
2-3 |
Livestock health (Parasites) |
External parasites Lice keds |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to describe the life cycle of the parasite identify the livestock attacked state the control measures |
describing the life cycle of parasite identifying the livestock attacked stating the control measures |
farm animals parasites specimen students book photographs diagrams from the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 136-138
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 105-107 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 141-142 Teachers guide pg 83-85 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 56-58 |
||
|
3 |
1 |
Livestock (Parasites) |
Internal parasites Liver flukes (Trematodes) |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Describe the life cycle of the parasites Identify the livestock attacked State the control measures |
Describing the life cycle of the parasites Identifying the livestock attacked Stating the control measures |
Farm animals Parasites specimens Student books Photographs charts |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 151-154
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 110-113 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 142-144 Teachers guide pg 84-85 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 56-58 Top mark Agriculture page 83 |
|
|
2-3 |
Livestock Health (Parasites) |
Internal parasites Tape worms |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Describe the life cycle of the parasite Identify the livestock attacked State the control measures |
Describing the life cycle of the parasite Identifying the livestock attacked Stating the control measures |
Charts Farm animals Parasites specimens Students book Photographs Tables on the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 144-148
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 108-110 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 144-146 Teachers guide pg 83-85 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 1 page 60 Top mark Agriculture page 83 |
||
|
4 |
1 |
Livestock health (Parasites) |
Internal parasites Round worms |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Describe the life cycle of the parasite Identify the livestock attacked State the control measures |
Describing the life cycle of the parasite Identifying the livestock attacked Stating the control measures |
Farm animals Parasite specimen Students book photographs |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 149-151
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 112-113 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 146-147 Teachers guide pg 83-85 Top mark Agriculture page 84 |
|
|
2-3 |
Livestock health (parasites) |
Principles of controlling Endoparasites Treatment Drug administration |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to
Explain factors to consider when controlling endoparasites Describe methods of administration of drugs State the rules that are followed in treatment of parasites |
Explaining factors considered in controlling endoparasites Describing methods of drug administration Stating the rules followed in treatment of parasites |
Chart Students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 154-155
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 113-114
|
||
|
5 |
1 |
Livestock production nutrition (II) |
Components of food |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Define nutrition Explain major components of food |
Defining nutrition Explaining major food components |
Charts Chalkboard Students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 158
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 115 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 148-149 Teachers guide pg 83-85 Top mark Agriculture page 85 |
|
|
2-3 |
Livestock Nutrition |
Food nutrients Water Carbohydrate fats |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to describe the food nutrients describe the feed nutrients explaining the functions of each feed |
describing the feed nutrients explaining the functions of each feed |
students book samples of feed nutrients |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 159-161
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 115-116,118 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 149-152 Teachers guide pg 81-82 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 2 page 12 Top mark Agriculture page 85-86
|
||
|
6 |
1 |
Livestock production (II) nutrition |
Feed nutrients Proteins minerals |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to explain the functions of each food describe the food nutrients |
explaining functions of each food describing food nutrients
|
Feed specimen Photographs Farm stores Students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 163-165
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 117 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 157 Teachers guide pg 89-92 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 2 page 13 Top mark Agriculture page 86 |
|
|
2-3 |
Livestock Production (II) Nutrition |
Food nutrients vitamins |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State various types of vitamins Explain the importance of vitamins Describe the food nutrients |
Stating various types of vitamins Explaining the importance of vitamins Describing the food nutrients |
Food store Photographs of animals with deficiency Feed specimen Students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 163-165
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 117 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 157 Teachers guide pg 89-92 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 2 page 13 Top mark Agriculture page 86 |
||
|
7 |
1 |
Livestock production (II) nutrition |
Foods and foodstuffs roughages |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to state the classifications of animals food identify the food stuffs state the characteristics of foodstuffs
|
Stating the classes of food stuffs Identifying the food stuffs Stating the characteristics of food stuffs |
food stuffs food store photographs Students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 169-170
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 118-119 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 162-163 Teachers guide pg 89-92 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 2 page 14-15 Top mark Agriculture page 86 |
|
2-3 |
Livestock production (II) nutrition |
Foods and foods stuffs Concentrates Proteins Carbohydrate Mixed succulents |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to Identify the food stuffs State their characteristics |
Identifying the food stuffs Stating the characteristics of the food stuffs |
Food stuffs Students book Food store photographs |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 171
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 117 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 163-164 Teachers guide pg 89-92 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 2 page 15 Top mark Agriculture page 86-87 |
|||
|
8 |
1 |
Livestock production (II) nutrition |
Concept of rationing Terms used to express food values |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State the terms used to express food values Explain the various terms |
Stating the terms used to express food values Explaining the various terms |
Charts Students book Chalk board |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 172-175
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 125 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 162-164 Teachers guide pg 89-92 Top mark Agriculture page 87 |
||
|
2-3 |
Livestock production (II) Nutrition |
Ratio computation |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Explain the process of ration computation Stating the methods Compute a livestock station |
Stating the methods Explaining the process of ration computation Computing livestock ration |
geometric set Students book Charts Tables in the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 176-179
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 126-128 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 166-169 Teachers guide pg 89-92 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 2 page 16-17 Top mark Agriculture page 87-88 |
|||
|
9 |
1 |
Livestock production (II) nutrition |
Digestion in livestock |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to Define digestion Describe the process of digestion generally |
Defining digestion Describing the process of digestion |
Chart Diagrams in the students book Specimens of digestive systems School farm |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 179-182 Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 120-121 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 173-175 Teachers guide pg 89-92 Top mark Agriculture page 88 |
||
|
2-3 |
Livestock production (II) nutrition |
Digestion in non-ruminants (Pigs) |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Describe digestion and digestive system of a pig |
Describing digestion and the digestive system of a pig Drawing diagrams |
Chart Specimens of digestive systems Diagrams in the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 182-184
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 121-122 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 172-173 Teachers guide pg 89-92 |
|||
|
10 |
1 |
Livestock production (II) nutrition |
Digestion in poultry |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to Describe digestion and digestive system of poultry |
Describing digestion and digestive system of poultry Drawing diagrams |
Diagrams in the students book Specimen of the digestive system chart |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 185
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 123-124 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 170-172 Teachers guide pg 89-92 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 2 page 18-19 Top mark Agriculture page 90 |
||
|
2-3 |
Livestock production (II) nutrition |
Differences and similarities in 60th ruminant and ruminant digestive systems |
By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to State the differences & similarities in both ruminant and non-ruminant digestive systems |
Stating the differences and similarities both in ruminant and non-ruminant digestive system |
Diagrams in the students book Specimens of digestive system chart |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 186-188
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 123-124 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 175-176 Teachers guide pg 89-92 Gateway Agriculture revision paper 2 page 13 Top mark Agriculture page 90 |
|||
|
11 |
1-3 |
Livestock production (II) nutrition |
Appropriate livestock Landling techniques while feeding |
By the end of the lesson, the leaner should be able to Handle livestock appropriately while feeding |
Handling livestock appropriately |
Farm animals Charts Farm structures Students book Diagrams from the students book |
KLB secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 129-132
Certificate Secondary Agriculture F2 pg 128-131 Longhorn secondary Agriculture form 2 pg 176-178 Teachers guide pg 89-92 |
||
|
12 END TERM THREE EXAMS |
|||||||||
LIVES AND CONTRIBUTIONS OF KENYAN LEADERS
Any 6 x 2 = 12 marks
ANS 22b DIST 1
8.Mention two roles played by Daniel. Arap Moi in Kenya’s history (2mks)
ANS 8 DIST 2
protect African rights against colonialism
1 x 1 = 1mk
ANS 12 DIST 3
– Marshall Muthoni
– Moraa wa Ngiri
– Mary Muthoni Nyanjiru
– Syotune wa Kathuke
ANS 10,15 DIST 5
– The buildings of Nyayo wards across the country.
ANS 10 DIST 6
ANS 12 DIST 10
14.– Public Accounts Committee (P.A.C)
– Public investments committee (P.I.C)
– Committee of supply
(Note: No mark for use of initials.) (1×1=1mk)
ANS 14 DIST 11
ANS 8 DIST 12
14.Outline any two economical challenges which faced Daniel Moi’s presidency between 1991 and 2002.
-Rampant corruption like grabbing of public utilities / land and funds i.e. Goldenberg
-Freezing of aid from donor such as World Bank or International Monetary Fund (IMF)- High inflation causing high prices on essential commodities.
(b) Role Tom Mboya played in the Kenya struggle for independence
iii) Advocated for the release of political detainees such as the Lancaster house conference.
vii) United the Kenya communities by protecting the separation of the Aembu and Agikuyu in Nairobi. Any 6points 2marks each 6×2=12mks
ANS 14,19b DIST 13
10.State two contributions of Ronald Ngala in Kenya. (2mks)
2 x 1 = 2 marks
ANS 10 DIST 14
– He was a leader of different trade unions (VP of NALGSA, secretary-general of KIGWU and a secretary of KFRTU)
– He organized Mombasa dock workers strike
– he wrote articles in Britain, about Kenyan workers
– He attended international trade union meetings
– He helped formation trade unions in Uganda & Tanzania. (2 x 1=2mks)
ANS 12 DIST 17
Social Studies schemes of work
Standard Eight term I
| WEEK
|
LESN | TOPIC | SUB-TOPIC | OBJECTIVES | TEACHERS ACTIVITIES | LEARNER,S ACTIVITIES | RESOURCES | REFERENCES | ASSMESSMENT | REMARKS | ||
| 1 | REPORTING AND PREPARATIONS | |||||||||||
| 2
|
1 | Map reading | Symbols | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify the u
se of symbols to read and interpret maps |
– Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall map |
OLT PBK PG 2-4
OLT TGP1 |
Drawing maps | |||
| 2 | Map reading | Area | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to calculate the area of a given region | – Observing map
– Drawing regions – Calculating area |
– Observing map
– Drawing regions – Calculating area |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 4-6
OLT TGP1-2 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 3 | Map reading | Area | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify types of scale | – Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 6-9
OLT TGP3 |
Filling in blank spaces | ||||
| 4 | Map reading | Distance /scale | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able convert measurements given a scale | – Identifying types of scale
– Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Identifying types of scale
– Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing distance |
OLT PBK PG 9-10 OLT TGP1-4 | Written exercise | ||||
| 5 | Map reading | Distance | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to measure distance represented on a map | – Measuring
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Measuring
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing compass point – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 10-12
OLT TGP1-4 |
Oral exercise | ||||
| 3
4 |
1 | Map reading | Direction | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the direction of places using compass point | – Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbols – Interpreting bhjkjkjh |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 12-14
OLT TGP1-4 |
Drawing maps | |||
| 2 | Map reading | Colours | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify various conventional colours used on the map | – Explaining the meaning of colours
– Observing maps – Identifying colours |
– Explaining the meaning of colours
– Observing maps – Identifying colours |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 13-16
OLT TGP4-5 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 3 | Map reading | Scales | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify types of scale | – Explanation
– Observing maps – Identifying colours – Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Explanation
– Observing maps – Identifying colours – Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps
|
OLT PBK PG 17-18
OLT TGP6-7 |
Filling in blank spaces | ||||
| 4 | Physical environment | Effects of physical features | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain the effects of the physical features | – Explanation
– Interpreting a map features – Questioning |
– Explanation
– Interpreting a map features – Questioning |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps
|
OLT PBK PG18-23
OLT TGP8 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 5 | Physical environment | Effect on human activity | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain how these features affect human activities | – Explanation
– Identifying ways physical feature affect human activities |
– Explanation
– Identifying ways physical feature affect human activities |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 23-24
OLT TGP9 |
Oral exercise | ||||
|
1 |
Climate | Traditional weather observation | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify traditional methods of weather observation | – Identifying traditional methods of weather observation
– Questioning |
– Identifying traditional methods of weather observation
– Questioning |
– Maps
– Wall maps Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG 25-26
OLT TGP10 |
Drawing maps | ||||
| 2 | Climate | Modern weather observation | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to observe and measure weather using Modern methods | – Discussion
– Identifying modern methods of weather observation |
– Discussion
– Identifying modern methods of weather observation |
– Maps
– Wall maps – Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG 25-4
OLT TGP10 |
Written exercise | ||||
|
5
|
3 | Climate | Observing and measuring weather | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to record weather elements using modern methods | – Explanation
– Identifying modern methods of weather recording |
– Explanation
– Identifying modern methods of weather recording |
– Weather instruments
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG 26
OLT TGP11 |
Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 4 | Climate | Factor influencing climate | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and describe factors influencing climate change | – Explanation
– Identifying factor influencing weather – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying factor influencing weather – Discussion |
– Weather instruments
– Weather chats – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 27
OLT TGP11 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 5 | Climate | Impact of climate change | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the impact of climate change | – Explanation
– Identifying factor influencing weather – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying factor influencing weather – Discussion |
– Weather instruments
– Weather chats – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 28
OLT TGP11 |
Oral exercise | ||||
| 1 | People and population
|
The stone age | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to trace the evolution and development o the early man | – Explanation
– Identifying development of the early man – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying development of the early man – Discussion |
– Pictures of 5the early man
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG 28-29
OLT TGP12 |
Drawing maps | ||||
| 2 | Evolution of early man | The stone age | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to trace the evolution and development o the early man | – Explanation
– Identifying development of the early man |
– Explanation
– Identifying development of the early man |
– Pictures of early man
– Map of prehistoric sites |
OLT PBK PG 29-30
OLT TGP12 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 3 | Evolution of early man | Pre-historic sites | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to name and identify the prehistoric sites in Eastern Africa | – Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – Discussion |
– Pictures of 5the early man
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG -30
OLT TGP12 |
Filling in blank spaces | ||||
| 4 | Evolution of early man | Prehistoric sites in eastern Africa | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to locate prehistoric sites in east Africa | – Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – |
– Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – |
– Pictures of 5the early man
– Map of prehistoric sites |
OLT PBK PG -31
OLT TGP12 |
|||||
| 5 | Types of migration | Rural- urban migration | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the reason for migration from rural to urban centres | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Map of town and villages |
OLT PBK PG 32
OLT TGP13 |
|||||
| 6 | 1 | Types of migration | Rural-rural | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state reasons for rural to rural migration | – Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion |
– Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion |
– PAPER CUTTING
– |
OLT PBK8 PG32-33 | ||||
| 2 | Types of migration | Urban-urban | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state reasons for urban to urban migration | – Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – |
– Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK8 PG34 | |||||
| 3 | Types of migration | Urban – rural | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state reasons for urban to rural migration | – Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation |
– Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK8 PG35-36 | |||||
| 4 | Types of migration | Migration into and from Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state reason for migration into and from Kenya | – Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation |
– Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Population pyramids |
OLT PBK8 PG37-38 | Drawing maps | ||||
| 5 | Types of migration | Effects of migration | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the effects of migration | – Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation |
– Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Population pyramids |
OLT PBK8 PG38-40 | Written exercise | ||||
| 6 | 1 | Factors influencing population growth | Factors leading to slow population growth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify the factors that lead to slow population growth | – Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation |
– Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall map |
OLT PBK8 PG41-42 | Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 2 | Factors influencing population growth | Factors leading to rapid population growth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify factors that lead to rapid population growth | – Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation – Questioning |
– Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion – Explanation – Questioning |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Population pyramids |
OLT PBK PG 43
OLT SSTG PG 19 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 3 | Factors influencing population growth | Problems of population growth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and explain problems of slow population growth and problems of rapid population growth | – Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion |
– Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 44
OLT SSTG PG 19 |
Oral exercise | ||||
| 4 | Population growth | Managing slow population growth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain ways of managing slow population growth | – Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion |
– Observing maps
– Identifying reasons – Discussion |
– Diagrams from pupils book
Local environment |
OLT PBK PG 45
OLT SSTG PG 17 |
Drawing maps | ||||
| 5
|
Population growth | Managing rapid population growth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain way of managing rapid population growth | – Explanation
– Identifying ways – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying ways – Discussion |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Local environment |
OLT PBK PG 46
OLT SSTG PG 17 |
Written exercise | ||||
|
1 |
The population of Kenya | The population of Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and describe the structure | – Observing maps
– Discussion – Explanation – Questioning |
– Observing maps
– Discussion – Explanation – Questioning |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Local environment |
OLT PBK PG 46
OLT SSTG PG 18 |
Filling in blank spaces | ||||
| 7 | MID TERM EXAMINATIONS | |||||||||||
| 8 | 2 | The population of Kenya | Population of Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to observe and measure weather using Modern methods | – Identifying modern methods of weather observation | – Identifying modern methods of weather observation | – Diagrams from pupils book
– Local environment |
OLT PBK PG 47
OLT SSTG PG 18 |
Written exercise | |||
|
9
|
3 | Population of Kenya , Germany and India | Comparison of population of Kenya, Germany and India | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to compare population of Kenya, German and India | – Explanation
– Comparing – Observing – Questioning |
– Explanation
– Comparing – Observing – Questioning |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Population pyramids |
OLT PBK PG 48-50
OLT SSTG PG 20 |
Oral exercise | |||
| 4 | The school | How the school is managed | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and describe how the schools are managed | – Explanation
– Identifying factor – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Identifying factor – Discussion – Observation |
– Pictures from the book
– Resource person |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Drawing maps | ||||
| 5 | The school | Role of the pupils in the school management | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the role of the pupil in the school management | – Explanation
– Identifying factor influencing weather |
– Explanation
– Identifying factor influencing weather |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 1 | The school
|
The role of the school in the society | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to trace the evolution and development o the early man | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Filling in blank spaces | ||||
| 2 | The school | Role of the school in he society | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain the role of the school in the society | – Observing maps
– Discussion – Explanation – Questioning |
– Observing maps
– Discussion – Explanation – Questioning |
– Pictures of school | OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 3 | The family | Different marriage systems | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to name and appreciate different marriage systems | – Explanation
– Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Discussion – Observation |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Oral exercise | ||||
| 4 | The family | Right and responsibilities in marriages | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to appreciate and respect the rights of individual within the family and society | – Explanation
– Right and responsibility in marriage – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – Discussion – Observation |
– Pictures of 5the family | OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Drawing maps | ||||
| 5 | The family | Succession and inheritance | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain and appreciate the inheritance and succession of family wealth and property | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Pictures of 5the family | OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 10 | 1 | Agriculture | Traditional forms of agriculture | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and describe the tradition forms of agriculture | – Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing |
– Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 2 | Agriculture | Traditional agriculture
Crops grown |
By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to name the subsistence crops grown in tradition agriculture | – Observing map
– Drawing regions – Calculating area |
– Observing map
– Drawing regions – Calculating area |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing agriculture |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 3 | Agriculture | Tradition ways of storing food | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify ways of storing food traditionally and state methods used in farming | – Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbol |
– Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing symbol |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Oral exercise | ||||
| 4 | Agriculture | Settler farming in Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able identify areas where settler farming was practised and describe the methods of farming they used | – Conversion
– Observing maps – Identifying Drawing |
– Conversion
– Observing maps – Identifying Drawing |
– Local environment
– Charts showing agriculture |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Drawing maps | ||||
| 5 | Agriculture | Settlement schemes | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify settlement schemes and state reasons for establishment of settlement schemes in Kenya | – Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing |
– Observing maps
– Identifying symbols – Drawing |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing compass point – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 11 | 1 | Agriculture | Benefits and problems of settlement schemes | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the benefits and problems of settlement schemes | – Observing maps
– Identifying – Drawing |
– Observing maps
– Identifying – Drawing |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing – Wall map |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 2 | agriculture | Irrigation schemes, Ahero, Mwea and Pekerra | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify crop grown and irrigation method used in different irrigation schemes | – Explaining
– Observing – Identifying – Drawing |
– Explaining
– Observing – Identifying – Drawing |
– Pictures
– Maps – |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 3 | Agriculture | Irrigation schemes, Ahero, Mwea and Pekerra | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the contribution of irrigation scheme to Kenyan economy | – Explanation
– Observing – Drawing s – Questioning |
– Explanation
– Observing – Drawing s – Questioning |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Oral exercise | ||||
| 4 | Agriculture | Irrigation schemes, Ahero, Mwea and Pekerra | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain problems facing irrigation schemes n Kenya | – Explanation
– Interpreting a map features – Questioning |
– Explanation
– Interpreting a map features – Questioning |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Drawing maps | ||||
| 5 | Agriculture | Horticulture farming | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain the meaning of horticulture and crop grown | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | ||||
|
1 |
Agriculture | Horticulture farming | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the contribution of horticulture to the economy | – Explanation
– Identifying t observation – Questioning |
– Explanation
– Identifying t observation – Questioning |
– Maps
– Wall maps Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Filling in blank spaces | ||||
| 1 | Agriculture | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the problems facing agriculture | – Discussion
– Identifying – Questioning |
– Discussion
– Identifying – Questioning |
– Maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | |||||
| 12
13
|
3 | Agriculture | Horticulture farming in Kenya and Netherlands | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to compare horticulture farming in Kenya and in Netherlands | – Explanation
– Identifying – Questioning |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Questioning |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Oral exercise | |||
| 4 | Agriculture | Fish farming | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify fish farming areas in Kenya and types of fish kept | – Explanation
– Identifying f – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying f – Discussion |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Drawing maps | ||||
| 5 | Agriculture | Fish farming in Kenya and Japan | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to compare fish farming in Kenya and Japan | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | ||||
| 2 | Revision | Revision | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to answer questions based on the work covered | – Revision
– Asking and answering question |
– Revision
– Asking and answering question |
– Revision paper
– Book exercises |
Filling in blank spaces | |||||
| EXAMINATIONS | ||||||||||||
| 14 | ||||||||||||
Social Studies schemes of work
Standard Eight term II
Year 2014
| WEEK | LSN | TOPIC | SUBTOPIC | OBJECTIVES | TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES | LEARNER’S ATIVITIES | RESOURCES | REFERENCES | ASSESSMENT | REMARKS |
| 1
2
|
1 | Mining | Distribution of minerals in Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and locate the distribution of minerals in Kenya | – Identifying method of extraction
– Discussion |
– Identifying method of extraction
– Discussion |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG85
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |
| 2 | Mining | Extraction of minerals | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify methods used to extract minerals | – Explanation
– Identifying method of extraction |
– Explanation
– Identifying method of extraction |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG85
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 3 | Mining | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify methods used to extract soda ash and fluorspar | – Explanation
– Identifying method of extraction |
– Explanation
– Identifying method of extraction |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG86
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 4-5 | Mining
|
By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify methods used to extract limestone and ,diatomite and gemstone | – Identifying method of extraction
– Discussion |
– Identifying method of extraction
– Discussion |
– Pictures of the early man
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG87
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 1 | Mining | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify use of limestone diatomite and gemstone | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Picture cutting
– |
OLT PBK7 PG88
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | |||
| 3 | Mining | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify ways of extracting sand, marble and sand and state their uses | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Pictures of 5the early man
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG89
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |||
| 4 | Mining | Problems of mining | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state problems associated with mining and effect of mining to the environment | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – |
– Pictures of 5the early man
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG90
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 5 | Mining | Contribution to the economy | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the contribution of minerals to the economy | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Pictures of 5the early man
– Diagrams |
OLT PBK7 PG91
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 3 | 1 | Forestry | Distribution of forest in Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and locate forests in Kenya | – Identifying method of extraction
– Discussion |
– Observing maps
– Drawing symbols – Interpreting a map |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall map |
OLT PBK7 PG 91
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |
| 2 | Forestry | Problem facing forestry | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe problems facing forestry | – Explanation
– Identifying method of extraction |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG92
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 3 | Forestry | Deforestation | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify the effect of deforestation in Kenya | – Explanation
– Identifying method of extraction |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG92
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 4 | Forestry | Conservation | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able list the ways of conserving forests | – Identifying method of extraction
– Discussion |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing
|
– Local environment
– Sketch maps – |
OLT PBK7 PG92-92
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 5 | Forestry | appreciating | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to appreciate the need to conserve forests | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion |
– Sketch maps
– Charts – Wall maps
|
OLT PBK7 PG93
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | ||
| 4 | 1 | Soil | Distribution of soils in Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and locate major soil types in Kenya | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion |
– Sketch maps
– Charts – Wall maps
|
OLT PBK7 PG94
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |
| 2 | Soil | Uses of soil | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify uses of soil | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – |
– Observing chart
– Discussion – explanation
|
– Pictures
– Maps – Charts – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG95
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 3 | Soil | Soil erosion | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify types of soil erosion | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Questioning |
– Maps
– Charts – Wall maps
|
OLT PBK7 PG96
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 4 | Soil | Causes and effect of soil erosion | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state causes and effects of soil erosion | – Explanation | – Explanation
– Interpreting a map features – Questioning |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG 97
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 5 | Soil | Soil conservation | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and describe soil conservation measures | – Interpreting a map features | – Explanation
– Identifying ways – Discussion |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG 98
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | ||
| 5 | 1 | Wildlife and tourism | Major game parks | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and locate major game park | Questioning | – Drawing
– Discussion – explanation |
– Maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG98
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |
|
6
|
3 | Wildlife and tourism | Importance of wildlife | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain importance of wildlife | – Explanation | – Observing chart
– Discussion – explanation |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG100
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | |
| 4 | Wildlife and tourism | Problem facing wildlife | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and describe problems facing wildlife | – Interpreting a map features | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK7 PG103
OLT TG PG |
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 5 | Wildlife and tourism | Conserving wildlife | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe ways of conserving wildlife | Questioning | – Drawing
– Discussion – explanation |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG105-117
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | ||
| 1 | Wildlife and tourism | Major tourist attraction | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify major tourist attraction | – Explanation | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Provisional paper
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG156-117
OLT TG PG |
Oral exercise | ||
| 2 | Wildlife and tourism | Importance of tourism | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the importance of tourism | – Interpreting a map features | – Explanation
– Identifying Discussion |
– Wall maps
Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG156-117
OLT TG PG |
Drawing maps | ||
| 3 | Wildlife and tourism | Problem facing tourism | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and describe problems facing tourism | Questioning | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG156-117
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | ||
| 4 | Industries | Location of industries | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain factors influencing location of industries | – Explanation | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG156-117
OLT TG PG |
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 5 | Industries | Types of industries | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to name types of industries | – Interpreting a map features | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG156-117
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | ||
| 7 | MID TERM EXAMINATIONS | |||||||||
| 8
|
1 | Industries | Types of industries | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and name types of industries giving examples | Questioning | – Discussion
– observation – Questioning |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Local environment |
OLT PBK PG 57
OLT SSTG PG 18 |
Oral exercise | |
| 2-3 | Industries | Jua-kali industries | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to indentify the reason for establishment of juakali industries | – Explanation | – Explanation
– Comparing – Discussion – Observing |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Local environment |
OLT PBK PG 58-
OLT SSTG PG 20 |
Drawing maps | ||
| 4 | Industries | Benefit s | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state benefits of juakali industries | – Interpreting a map features | – Explanation
– Describing – Discussion |
– Pictures from the book
– Resource person |
OLT PBK PG 56
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | ||
| 5 | Industries | Problems of Jua kali | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to highlight problems experienced by Jua kali industries | Questioning | – Explanation
– Identifying problems – Discussion |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Drawing maps | ||
| 9
|
1 | Industries | Importance of industries and contribution to economy | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the importance of industries and contribution to the economy | – Explanation | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK PG 52
OLT SSTG PG 22 |
Written exercise | |
| 2 | Industries | Problems facing industries | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able explain problems facing industries | – Interpreting a map features | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Pictures of | OLT PBK7 PG56
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 3 | Industries | Effects to the environment | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain impact of industries to the environment | Questioning | – Explanation
– Observing chart – Discussion – explanation |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK7 PG57
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 4 | Urbanization | Factors influencing growth of town | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain factors influencing growth of town | – Explanation | – Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – Discussion – Observation |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– Map of prehistoric sites |
OLT PBK7 PG58
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | ||
| 5 | Urbanization | Function of major town in Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the function of major town in Kenya | Questioning | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Picture
– Diagrams from pupils book – Charts |
OLT PBK7 PG60
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | ||
| 10 | 1 | Urbanization | Major towns | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to locate major town in Kenya | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – |
– Observing chart
– Discussion – explanation
|
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps – |
OLT PBK7 PG61
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |
| 2 | Urbanization | Problem facing urban centres | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify problems facing urbanization | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – explanation – |
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing urban centre – Wall map |
OLT PBK7 PG62
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 3 | Urbanization | Attempt to solve these problems | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain attempt being made to solve problems facing urban centres | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – explanation
|
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing urban centres |
OLT PBK7 PG63
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 4 | Urbanization | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able listing ways to solve problems facing urban centres | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Observing chart
– Discussion – explanation
|
– Local environment
– Sketch maps – Charts |
OLT PBK7 PG64
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 5 | Urbanization | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to locate where pyrethrum is grown and identify its uses | – Explanation
– Identifying development of the early man – Discussion |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – explanation
|
– Sketch maps
– Charts showing compass point – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG65
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | |||
| 11
|
1 | Co-operative society | Types of agriculture co-operative | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to name and identify types of co-operative | – Describing the partition
– Explanation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing |
– Charts
showing cooperatives societies |
OLT PBK7 PG66
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |
| 2 | Co-operative | Functions of co-operative | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the function of agriculture cooperatives | – Explanation
– Describing – Discussion – Observation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion |
–
– Charts showing cooperatives societies |
OLT PBK7 PG67
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 3 | Co-operative | Benefits of agriculture cooperatives | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify benefit of agriculture co-operatives | – Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – Discussion |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing |
– Charts
showing cooperatives societies |
OLT PBK7 PG68
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 4 | Co-operatives | Challenges | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify challenges facing agriculture co-operatives | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Interpreting a map features – Questioning |
– Charts
showing cooperatives societies |
OLT PBK7 PG70
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 5 | Co-operatives | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to appreciate benefit s of agriculture cooperatives | – Explain the benefits of cooperatives
– Discuss |
– Identifying
– Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Charts
– showing cooperatives societies |
OLT PBK7 PG70
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | |||
|
1 |
Transport and communication | Forms and function | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify forms and function of communication | – identify forms of communication
– explain the functions |
– Explanation
– Identifying observation – Questioning |
– Maps
– Wall maps Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG71
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | ||
| 12 | 2 | Transport and communication | Problem | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain problems facing different form of transport | – identify problems of communication | – Discussion
– observation – Questioning |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG72
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |
|
|
3 | Transport and communication | Road safety | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify major road sign and explain causes of accidents | -explain the causes of accident
-identifying road sign |
– Explanation
– Questioning |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG73
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | |
| 4 | Transport and communication | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state suggest ways of preventing accidents and demonstrate first aid skills | – identify forms of communication
– discussion |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK7 PG74
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 5 | Transport and communication | Forms and function of communication | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state identify forms and state the function of communication | explain the functions | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG75
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | ||
|
13 |
1 | Transport and communication | Problem facing communication system | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain problems facing communication systems | – identify forms of communication | – Identifying
– Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
Drawing maps | |||
| 2 | Trade | Role of government in trade | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify and appreciate the role of government in trade | explain the role of government in trade | – Observing chart
– Discussion – explanation – |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall map |
OLT PBK7 PG76
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 3 | Trade | Export and import | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify export from Kenya and import to Kenya | – identify forms of export and import to Kenya | – Observing chart
– Discussion – explanation – |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG77
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | ||
|
4 |
Trade | Importance of trade | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain the importance of trade | explain the importance of trade | – Explanation
– observation – Questioning |
– Wall maps
Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG78
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 14 | 5 | Revision | examination | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to answer revision questions correctly | – identify forms of communication | – Discussion
– observation – Questioning |
– Examination papers | OLT PBK7 PG80-84
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise |
Social Studies schemes of work
Standard Eight term III
Year 2014
| WEEK | LSN | TOPIC | SUBTOPIC | OBJECTIVES | TEACHER’S ACTIVITIES | LEARNER’S ACTIVITIES | RESOURCES | REFERECES | ASSESSMENT | REMARKS |
| 1 | REPORTING AND PREPARATIONS | |||||||||
| 2
3
|
1 | Political development and systems | Early political associations in Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify early political association in Kenya up to 1939 | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Early political association – |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – |
– Maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG130
OLT TG PG
|
||
| 2 | Political development and systems | Early political associations in Kenya (EAA) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the role played by East Africa association in the struggle for independence | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG131
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | ||
| 3 | Political development and systems | Early political associations in Kenya (YKA) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the role played by Young Kikuyu Association in the struggle for independence | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
–
– Wall maps – Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG133-134
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 5 | Political development and systems | Early political associations in Kenya (KCA) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the role played by Kikuyu Central Association the struggle for independence | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG135
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 1 | (KTWA) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the role played by Kavirondo Tax Payer Welfare association the struggle for independence | – Explanation
– Identifying development of the early man – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying development of the early man – Discussion |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK7 PG139
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 2 | The legislative Council (LegCo) | Nomination to LegCo | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify African member to the Leg CO | – Describing the partition
– Explanation |
– Describing the partition
– Explanation |
– Picture cuttings
– Diagrams from books |
OLT PBK7 PG140
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | ||
| 3 | The role of Leg Co | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the role played by Leg Co in struggle for independence | – Explanation
– Describing – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Describing – Discussion – Observation |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK7 PG143-45
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |||
| 4 | The Second world war (1939-1945) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify the effect of world War 2 on struggle for impendence | – Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – Discussion |
– Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – Discussion |
– Pictures of –
– Diagrams from pupils book – |
OLT PBK7 PG146-149
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 5 | Kenya Africa study Union, Kenya African union | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to name founder member of political association | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Pictures Diagrams from pupils book
|
OLT PBK7 PG150
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 4 | 1 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain the role of political movement in the struggle for independence | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – |
– Observing maps
– Identifying political role
|
– Charts showing scramble of Africa
– Wall maps – |
OLT PBK7 PG152
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 2 | The MAUMAU, KANU, KADU,APP | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify founder and explain role of political association and movements in struggle for independence | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Observing map
– Observing chart – explanation – |
– Charts showing scramble of Africa
– Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG152
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | |||
| 3 | Attainment of independence | Events leading to attainment of independence | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the events that took place in the attainment of independence | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation
|
– Charts showing scramble of Africa
– Wall maps
|
OLT PBK7 PG153
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | ||
| 4 | Kenya become republic | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able describe how Kenya got Mandaraka and become a Republic | – Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Conversion
– Observing chart – Identifying |
– Local environment
– Wall map |
OLT PBK7 PG154
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | |||
| 5 | Political development | major political event | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify major political development and events since 1963 | – Explanation
– Identifying development of the early man – Discussion |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing |
– Sketch maps
– Charts – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG154
OLT TG PG |
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 5
|
1 | Major political development | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the and appreciate the political changes taking place in Kenya | – Describing the partition
– Explanation |
– Demonstration
– Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Pictures of prominent leaders | OLT PBK7 PG154
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 2 | Prominent Kenyans | Mzee Jomo Kenyatta | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe life and appreciate contribution of Mzee Jomo Kenyatta to the independence of his country | – Explanation
– Describing – Discussion – Observation |
– Demonstration
– Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– Pictures of prominent leaders | OLT PBK7 PG154
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | ||
| 3 | Prominent Kenyans | Daniel Arap Moi | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe life and appreciate contribution of Daniel Arap Moi in struggle for independence of his country | – Explanation
– Identifying prehistoric sites – Discussion |
– Demonstration
– Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
M Pictures of prominent leaders | OLT PBK7 PG155
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | ||
| 4 | Prominent Kenyans | Oginga Odinga | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe life and appreciate contribution of Oginga Odinga to the nation | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Demonstration
– Drawing – Discussion |
Pictures of prominent leaders | OLT PBK7 PG155
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | ||
| 5 | International co-operation | The united nation (UN) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the formation of united nation | – | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion |
– Maps showing
international co-operations |
OLT PBK7 PG156
OLT TG PG |
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| International co | The united nation (UN) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able describe and identify the agencies of and functions of (UN) | – | – Demonstration
– Drawing – Discussion |
– Maps showing
international co-operations |
OLT PBK7 PG156
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | |||
| 6 | MID TERM EXAMINATIONS | |||||||||
| 1 | International co | The united nation (UN) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to highlight the achievement of the (UN) | – | – Observation
– Demonstration – Drawing |
– Maps showing
– international co-operations |
OLT PBK7 PG157
OLT TG PG |
Oral exercise | ||
|
7
|
3 | International co | The united nation (UN) | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the failure and problems facing the (UN) | – | – Explanation
– Observation – Discussion |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG158
OLT TG PG |
Drawing maps | |
| 4 | Common wealth | Common wealth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the formation of the common wealth | – | – Explanation
– Identifying factor – Discussion |
– Maps showing
– international co-operations |
OLT PBK7 PG159
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 5 | Common wealth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to the functions of the common wealth | – identify forms of communication | – Discussion
– explanation – Questioning |
– Wall maps
– Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG160
OLT TG PG |
Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 1 | Achievement of common wealth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able state functions of common wealth | explain the functions of common wealth | – Explanation
– Discussion |
– Maps showing
– international co-operations |
OLT PBK7 PG160
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | |||
| 2 | Failure of commonwealth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to outline the failure of the commonwealth | – identify failure of the common wealth | – Discussion
– explanation Questioning |
– Maps showing
international co-operations |
OLT PBK7 PG161
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | |||
| 3 | Problems of the common wealth | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state the problems faced by the common wealth | explain the common wealth problems | – Discussion
– explanation – Questioning |
– Maps showing
– international co-operations |
OLT PBK7 PG161
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |||
| 4 | Citizenship | Importance | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain the impotance of good citizenship | – identify forms of communication | – Explanation
– Discussion – Observation |
– Diagrams from the books | OLT PBK7 PG162
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 5 | Loss of Kenya citizenship | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to outline the condition under which one can lose/his or her citizenship | – | – Explanation
– Identifying – Discussion – Observation |
– Diagrams from pupils book
– |
OLT PBK7 PG162
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 8 | 1 | Democracy and human right | Types of democracy | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state types of democracy | – identify forms of communication | – Observing maps
– Identifying s |
– Charts showing human rights | OLT PBK7 PG152
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | |
| 2 | Political parties in Kenya | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe some political parties in Kenya and their policies | explain the functions | – Drawing
– Discussion – explanation |
– Charts showing political parties
|
OLT PBK7 PG152
OLT TG P |
Oral exercise | |||
| 3 | Role of political parties | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the role of political parties in a democracy | – identify role of political party | – Observing chart
– Discussion – explanation |
– Charts showing political parties
|
OLT PBK7 PG153
OLT TG PG |
Drawing maps | |||
| 4 | Benefits | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able state the benefits of a democracy | explain the benefits of democracy | – Conversion
– Observing chart – explanation |
– Charts showing political parties
|
OLT PBK7 PG154
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | |||
| 5 | The bill of right | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state human right and appreciate the bill of right | – identify human rights
– discuss bill of right |
– Observing chart
– Identifying – Drawing |
– Charts showing bill of right
– |
OLT PBK7 PG154
OLT TG PG |
Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 9
10 |
1 | Law, peace and reconciliation | Symbols of national unity | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify the symbols of national unity | identify the symbols of national unity | – Demonstration
– Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– a flag
– Charts showing symbol of national unity |
OLT PBK7 PG154
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |
| 2 | Factors promoting national unity | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to state factors that promote national unity | identify factors that promote national unity
– explain the factor |
– Demonstration
– Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– a flag
Charts showing symbol of national unity |
OLT PBK7 PG154
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | |||
| 3 | Importance of national unity | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able explain the importance of national unity | – identify forms of communication | – Demonstration
– Drawing – Discussion – explanation |
– a flag
Charts showing symbol of national unity |
OLT PBK7 PG155
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |||
| 4 | Factors undermining national unity | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to identify factor undermining national unity | explain the functions | – Demonstration
– Drawing – Discussion
|
– a flag
Charts showing symbol of national unity |
OLT PBK7 PG155
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 5 | The government of Kenya | The Kenyan constitution | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able state the process of making, amending and reviewing the Kenya’s constitution | – describing the process of making constitution | – Explanation
– Note taking – Discussion – Questioning |
– Maps
– Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG173
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 1 | The government of Kenya | Formation of the government | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain the process of making the government | explain the process of making the government | – Explanation
– Questioning – Drawing |
– Maps
– Charts – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG1
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | ||
| 2 | The government of Kenya | Loss of parliamentary seat | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to explain how one may lose parliament seat | – identify way one may lose seat in parliament | – Note taking
– Discussion – Explanation |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK7 PG174
OLT TG PG |
Written exercise | ||
| 3 | The government of Kenya | Conducting national election | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the process of national election | explain the functions | – Explanation
– observation – Questioning |
– Diagrams from pupils book | OLT PBK7 PG175
OLT TG PG |
Filling in blank spaces | ||
| 4 | Participating in government and civic life | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe state ways of participating in government and civic life | Describe
Explain the functions |
– Discussion
– Identifying observation – Questioning |
– Pictures
– Maps – Charts showing symbols |
OLT PBK7 PG175
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the process of national election | – Describe the process of election
– explain the functions |
– Discussion
– Identifying observation – Questioning |
– Pictures
– Maps – Charts showing symbols |
OLT PBK7 PG175
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | ||||
| 11 | 1 | The arms of the government | The arms of the government
Executive |
By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the composition and functions of cabinet and civil servant | – identify forms of communication | – Discussion
– Identifying observation – Questioning |
– Pictures
– Maps – Charts showing arms of government |
OLT PBK7 PG175
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |
| 2 | Legislature | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the composition of legislature, describe the process of legislation and state function of parliament | explain the functions | – Discussion
– Identifying observation – Questioning |
– Draft constitution
– Wall maps – Diagrams from pupils book |
OLT PBK7 PG170-180
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 3 | Judiciary | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the composition judiciary | – identify forms of communication | – Discussion
– Identifying observation – Questioning |
– Pictures
– Maps – Charts showing judiciary |
OLT PBK7 PG175
OLT TG PG
|
Drawing maps | |||
| 4 | Sources of government revenue and forms of government expenditure | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the sources of government revenue and how it spend its money | explain the functions | – Discussion
– Identifying observation – Questioning |
– Pictures
– Maps – Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG175
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | |||
| 5 | Local authority | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to name types of local authority ,describe process of electing officers, their functions and relationship with the government | – identify forms of communication | – Discussion
– Identifying observation – Questioning – explanation |
– Pictures
– Maps – Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG175
OLT TG PG
|
Filling in blank spaces | |||
| 12 | 1-2 | National defence | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to –identify organs of national defence
-appreciate the need of national defence and explaining their role in maintaining law and order |
Identify organs of the national defence
Discussing |
– Discussion
– Identifying observation – Questioning |
– Pictures
– Maps – Charts showing symbols – Wall maps |
OLT PBK7 PG118-180
OLT TG PG
|
Written exercise | ||
| 3-5 | By the end of the lesson the learner should be able to describe the sources of government revenue | identify sources of government revenue | – Discussion
– Identifying observation – Questioning |
– Pictures
– Maps – Charts showing symbols |
OLT PBK7 PG118-180
OLT TG PG
|
Oral exercise | ||||
| 13 | REVISION AND EXAMINATIONS
|
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NAME:……………………………………………………………………….. INDEX NO:…………………………………….
CANDIDATE SIGN:…………………………
DATE:…………………………………………..
GATUNDU SOUTH TRIAL
EXAMINATION
AGRICULTURE PAPER 1
443/1
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
THIS PAPER CONSISTS OF THREE SSECTIONS A,B AND C
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN SECTION A AND B
ANSWER ONLY TWO QUESTIONS IN SECTION C
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SECTION A (30MKS)
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
1. State four factors influencing the choice of the farming methods a farmer may use. (2mks)
a) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
c) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
d) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
2. State four advantages of drip irrigation. (2mks)
a) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Outline four farming practices that destroy soil structure. (2mks)
a) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
d) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. State four reasons why a farmer may fail to get profit from a farming enterprise. (2mks)
a) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Give four advantages of preparing land early for planting sorghum. (2mks)
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a) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
c) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
6. Differentiate between hybrid and composite as used in crop production. (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. What is meant by term domestication as used in Agricultural production? (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Highlight two ways of hardening off tomato seedlings before transplanting. (1mk)
a) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Give a reason as to why a farmer is supposed to observe the following precautions in the farm. (2mks)
a) Always store farm yard manure under a shade.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) Wear gloves while applying nitrogenous fertilizers.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
10. Give two reasons for conserving forage. (1mk)
a) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. Outline four ways in which grass help to conserve soil. (2mks)
a) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
c) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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d) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. Give two signs of blight in a field of tomatoes. (1mk)
a) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
13. State two factors that adapt weeds excellently to their environment. (1mk)
a) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
14. Give two reasons for inoculating legume seeds before planting. (1mk)
a) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
15. Give two reasons why most of Kenyan farmers practice small scale farming. (1mk)
a) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
16. Define the law of profit maximization. (1mk)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
17. Distinguish between stocking rate and carrying capacity as used in forage production. (2mks)
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
18. Outline four ways a farmer can use to improve labour productivity in the farm. (2mks)
a) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
b) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
c) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
d) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
19. State 4 ways of modifying soil pH. (2mks)
a) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. http://atikaschool.org
sales@manyamfranchise.com [0728 450 425]
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b) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
c) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
d) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
SECTION B (20MKS)
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
20. The diagram below illustrates different methods used in crop propagation. Study the diagrams and answer the questions that follow.
a) Identify the methods of crop propagation illustrated by A,B and D. (3mks)
A:……………………………………………………………………………………………………
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B:…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
D:…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b) Identify the parts labelled X and Y in diagram A. (2mks)
X:…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Y:…………………………………………………………………………………………………….
c) Under what conditions is method C used by farmers. (1mk)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
d) Give two advantages of using the method illustrated in diagram D after bananas are planted in the main field. (2mks)
a) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
b) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
21. The diagram below illustrates some common weed. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
a) Identify the weeds labelled A and B. (2mks)
A: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
B:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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b) State one factor that makes weed B difficult to control in a pasture field. (1mk)
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
c) State one economic importance of each of the weeds labelled A and B. (2mks)
A:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
B:…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
22. The diagrams below illustrates different methods used in soil and water conservation. Study the methods and answer the questions that follow.
a) Identify the methods illustrated by (i) (ii) and (iii). (3mks)
(i)……………………………………………………………………………
(ii) ……………………………………………………………………………
(iii) ……………………………………………………………………………
b) State two methods by which the structure in (iii) controls soil erosion. (2mks)
(i) …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(ii) ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. http://atikaschool.org
sales@manyamfranchise.com [0728 450 425]
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c) Name two materials used to make the structure in (iii) above. (2mks)
(i) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(ii) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
SECTION C (40MKS)
Answer any two questions from this section.
23. (a) Describe production of Napier grass under the following sub-headings.
(i) Land preparation (2mks)
(ii) Planting and planting materials (2mks)
(iii) Fertilizer application (2mks)
(iv) Defoliation (2mks)
(v) Weed control (2mks)
(b) Explain six factors that can influence a well-designed crop rotation programme. (6mks)
© Give four signs that would enable you to identify a compost manure that is ready for use. (4mks)
24. (a) Describe procedure of preparing silage. (5mks)
(b) A farmer carried out the following transactions on his farm;
Crop – Maize
Yield – 50 bags/ha
Price/unit – Ksh1000
Sale of maize – 50 bags
Variable costs per hectare Ksh
Land preparation 5000
Purchase of seeds 3000
Purchase of DAP 3600
Purchase of CAN 2000
Purchase of jembes 2500
Purchase of slashers 1000
Other expenses 500
Using the information provided, calculate the Gross margin. (5mks)
© Describe the management practices carries out in a cabbage nursery. (10mks)
25. (a) Describe process of water treatment in a water treatment plant. (10mks)
(b) Describe the role of Kenya meat commission. (4mks)
© Explain six cultural methods of controlling crop diseases. (6mks)
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STICTLY CONFIDENTIAL
GATUNDU SOUTH TRIAL EXAMINATION
AGRICULTURE PAPER ONE
443/1
MARKING SCHEME
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MOCK AGRICULTURE PAPER 1 : 2018
SECTION A (30MKS) MARKING SCHEME
1. – Land size
– Socio-cultural factors
– Tastes and preferences
– Climatic conditions
– Technical skills of the farmer
– Market availability
4 x ½ = (2mks)
2. – minimizes labour
– Can be practiced on both slopy and flat areas
– No soil erosion
– Controls fungal diseases
– Economical use of water
4 x ½ = (2mks)
3. – use of heavy machinery on wet soil
– Working the soil when too wet or too dry
– Over cultivation/pulverization of the soil
– Monoculture
4 x ½ = (2mks)
4. – failure to reduce cost of production
– Not using improved production technics
– Failing to look for proper market
– Wrong enterprise chosen
2 x ½ = (1mk)
5. – allows adequate time for organic matter to decompose
– Allows adequate time for weeds to be dehydrated
– Allows for early planting so that crops establish early before the weeds grow
– Allows for soil borne pathogens and pests to die
– Minimizes labour competition.
4 x ½ = (2mks)
6. Hybrid – a crop developed by crossing different crop varieties under controlled pollination
– Composite – a crop developed under uncontrolled pollination.
2×1= (2mks)
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7. Domestication – process where both crops/plants and animals/ livestock depends on human beings for existence. 1×1 = (1mk)
8. – gradual removal of shade
– Gradual reduction in amount of water applied
– Gradual reduction in frequency of water applied
2 x ½ = (1mk)
9. (a) – Volatilization of nitrates to Ammonia gas
– Leaching
– Washed away
1×1 = (1mk)
(b) – Corrosive 1×1 = (1mk)
10. – Distribute forage throughout the year
– Provide feed for dry season
– Better full utilization of land
– Source of income e.g. selling baled hay
2 x ½ = (1mk)
11. – Grass holds soil particles together
– Grass cover reduces run-off speed
– Grass reduces the impact of rain drops hence reducing splash erosion.
3 x ½ = (1 ½ mks)
12. – Dry brown lesions on stems, leaves and fruits
– Affected parts appear rotten
– Fruits fall off prematurely
2 x ½ = (1mk)
13. – Produce large quantities of seeds
– Seeds remain viable in soil for long
– Weeds have effective means of dispersal
– Weeds have ability to propagate both by seeds and veget
atively
– Weeds have elaborate root system
– Some weeds have underground structures that are difficult to control
– Some are able to survive with limited nutrients
2 x ½ = (1mk)
14. – Introduce nitrogen fixing bacteria to fix Nitrogen.
– Promote Nitrogen fixation before planting
2 x ½ = (1mk)
15. – Small pieces of land/land scarcity
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– Lack of enough capital
– Lack of enough labour
– Lack of enough technology
2 x ½ = (1mk)
16. – States that profit is maximum where total cost of production is minimum and Net revenue is maximum
– Where margin revenue and marginal cost are the same
1 x1 = (1mk)
17. – Stocking rate – Number of animals/livestock maintained per unit area of land
– Carrying capacity – Ability of forage stand to maintain a particular number of livestock units per unit area.
2×1 = (2mks)
18. – Training
– Mechanization
– Improve terms and conditions
– Labour supervision
4 x ½ = (2mks)
19. – Application of lime
– Application of basic fertilizer
– Application of acidic fertilizer
– Application of sulphur
4 x ½ = (2mks)
SECTION B (20MKS)
20. (a) A- side grafting
B- layering (Trench)
C – Marcotting
D – tissue culture
3 x 1= (3mks)
(b) X- Scion
Y- Root stock
2 x 1 = (2mks)
© Hard wood where stem cannot bend easily to reach the ground.
1×1 = (1mk)
(d) – Early maturing
– big bunch
– High annual yield
– Control viral diseases
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2 x 1 = (2mks)
21. (a)
A- Stinging Netle (Urtica masaica)
B- Nut grass (cyperus rotundus)
2×1 = (2mks)
(b) – Has underground bulbs
1×1 = (1mk)
© A- Raises cost of production/difficult to control
B-Lowers quality of pasture
2×1 = (2mks)
22. (a)
(i) Cut off drain
(ii) Bench terraces
(iii) Gabion/porous dam
3×1 = (3mks)
(b) – Reduce erossive force of run-off.
– Trap soil flow through stones
2×1 = (2mks)
© – Wire mesh
– Stones /gravel
2×1 = (2mks)
SECTION C (40MKS)
23. (a) Land preparation
– Done during dry season
– Clearing vegetation
– Remove stumps
– Remove perennial weeds
– Carry cultivation to harrow to moderate tilth
– Ridging making furrows of 90-100cm apart
– Make hole on top of ridges 50cm apart
– Fill holes with phosphatic fertilizer and organic manure
2×1 = (2mks)
Planting and planting materials
– Select desirable variety as per ecological zone
– Place stem cutting i.e 2-3 nodes/splits in the holes made in the ridges at onset of long rain in slanting angle of 45⁰
– Add phosphatic fertilizer mixed with organic manure
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– Cover with soil and firm at base to avoid erosion/exposure of material
2×1= (2mks)
Fertilizer application
– Top dress with nitrogenous fertilizer at base of stump 6-8wks after planting/weeding
– Top-dress at onset of rains
– Top dress after harvesting for high yield and regeneration
2×1 = (2mks)
Defoliation
– When 3-5 months/1.5m high
– Use sharp panga to avoid damaging stump and suppress regrowth
– Cut 2.5-5cm above ground
– When leave proportion is greater than stems
2×1= (2mks)
Weed control
– Uproot with hands
– Slashing/cutting at base of woody weed with panga
– Digging with jembe during dry and rainy season
– Mulching at base of stump to suppress weed
– No herbicide use to avoid poisoning livestock.
2×1= (2mks)
(b) – Crop root depth
– crop nutrient requirement
– Weed control
– Pests and diseases control
– Soil fertility
– Soil structure
6×1= (6mks)
©
– Volume of heap/material in the heap goes down
– Materials break easily to small pieces when pressed between finger
– Growth of fungi/moulds in manure
– Temperature of the material goes down
4×1 = (4mks)
24. (a) Silage making procedure
– Prepare silo before harvesting depending on amount to be ensiled
– Cut crop and wilt for 6-12hrs
– Chop
– Put in silo at 10-12cm and compact
– Fill silo rapidly (less than 2 day)
– Check temperature(maintain at 32⁰C)
– Cover with polythene sheet or dry grass to protect from air and water
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– Dig a trench around silo
5×1= (5mks)
(b) Gross revenue= 50 x 1000= 50,000
Variable costs= 5000 + 3000+ 3600 + 2000 + 500= 17,600/=
Gross margin = Gross Revenue – Total variable costs
50,000 – 17,600
= 32,400/=
5×1 = (5mks)
© Management practices in a cabbage nursery
– Regular watering/morning and evening
– Weed control by uprooting
– Pricking out – remove weak seedlings and transfer to seedling bed
– Mulching – apply a light mulch after sowing and remove when seedling shot to emerge
– Shading – apply shade above the nursery
– Pest control – spray suitable pesticide
– Disease control – spray suitable fungicides
– Hardening off – gradual removal of shade and reduce rate of watering
5 x 2= (10mks)
25. (a)
– Filtration at intake – use sieve to remove large particles
– Softening – Add soda ash to soften water
-Add allum to allow coagulation and settling of particles
– Filtration – water passes through different sizes of particles in a filtration tank
– Chlorination – Chlorine added in chlorination buk
– storage – water stored in large well protected ranks
– Distribution – By piping or pumping to consumers
Any 5×2= (10mks)
(b)
– Purchasing cattle from farmers
– slaughtering beef animals
– Grading carcasses
– Processing meat and packing in tins
– Marketing beef locally and oversees
4×1 = (4mks)
©
– Using healthy planty material
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– Using disease resistant varieties
– Proper drying of cereals and pulses
– Heat treatment
– Proper spacing
– Proper spacing
– Proper seedbed preparation
– Held hygiene
6×1 = (6mks)s