| SCHEME OF WORK FORM FOUR GEOGRAPHY TERM ONE | ||||||||
WKNO | L/NO | TOPIC/SUBTOPIC | LESSON / SPECIFICOBJECTIVES | TEACHING / LEARNINGACTIVITIES | MATERIALS / RESOURCES | REF. | REM. | |
1 | 1 | STATISTICAL METHODS OF PRESENTING DATA
Age- sex pyramids.
| By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to:
Define the term cohort. Recall steps for constructing an age-sex pyramid.
|
Q/A: review previously studied statistical methods of presenting data. Examine population census results of age and sex. Teacher explains construction of an age-sex pyramid.
|
Census results. |
KLB BOOK IV
Pg 1-2 | ||
2 | Age- sex pyramids.
| By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to: Construct an age-sex pyramid.
| Supervised practice; Written exercise. | Tabulated data. | Pg 2-3 | |||
34 | Analysis and interpretation of age-sex pyramids.
Advantages and disadvantages of age-sex pyramids | By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to: Analyse and interpret age-sex pyramids. State advantages and disadvantages of presenting data in form of age- sex pyramids.
| Charts – types of age- sex pyramids.
| Pg 2-3 | ||||
5 | Dot maps/ Distribution maps. | By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to: Explain factors taken into consideration when constructing a dot map.
| Expository approach: Teacher explains significance of dot value, dot size and dot location. Simple calculations.
| Pg 3-4 | ||||
2 | 1-2 | Constructing dot maps.
| By the end of the lesson, the learner should be able to: Construct dot maps. | Exposition of steps for constructing dot maps. Practical activity- making dot maps. Supervised practice. | Calculators, tabulated data. | Pg 4-5 | ||
3 | Advantages & disadvantages of dot maps. | State advantages & limitations of dot maps. | Review previous assignment. Brief discussion on construction of dot maps. Assignment. | Pg 5 | ||||
4 | Choropleth maps. | Draw a choropleth map. | Teacher exposes and explains new concepts related to choropleth maps. Written exercise. | Pg 6-7 | ||||
5 | Advantages & disadvantages of choropleth maps. | State advantages & disadvantages of chloropleth maps.
| Probing questions; Brief discussion. | Pg 7 | ||||
3 | 1 | LAND RECLAMATIONIntroduction. Irrigation schemes in Kenya. |
Define the terms land reclamation and land rehabilitation. Identify various irrigation schemes in Kenya.
|
Probing questions related less useful land; Brief discussion. |
Map: distribution of irrigation schemes in Kenya. | Pg 9-10 | ||
2 | Mwea-Tebere irrigation scheme. | State factors influencing location of the scheme. Describe establishment of the scheme.
| Probing questions; Detailed discussion on case study. | Pg 10-11 | ||||
3 | Perkerra irrigation scheme. | State factors influencing location of the scheme. Describe establishment of the scheme.
| Probing questions; Detailed discussion on case study. | Pg 11-12 | ||||
4
5 | Significance of irrigation farming in Kenya.Problems associated with irrigation farming in Kenya. | Outline significance of irrigation farming in Kenya.
Outline the problems associated with irrigation farming in Kenya. | Q/A & brief discussion.
Brain storming; Q/A & brief discussion.
|
| Pg 12-13 | |||
4 | 1 | Methods of land reclamation.
Irrigation. | Outline types of irrigation.
| Exposition of new concepts; Brief discussion. |
| Pg 14-15 | ||
2 | Drainage of swamps & pest control. | Describe drainage of swamps, control of floods & pest control as methods of land reclamation.
| Detailed discussion with probing questions.
| Pg 13,15 | ||||
3 | Other methods of land reclamation. | Explain other methods of land reclamation.
| Exposition of new concepts; Probing questions; Brief discussion.
| Pg 16-18 | ||||
4-5 | Land reclamation in the Netherlands. | Outline methods of land reclamation in the Netherlands. Describe land rehabilitation in the Netherlands; State the benefits of the Zuyder Zee project.
| Expository approach & case studies on Zuyder Zee project.
Brief discussion on benefits of the projects. | World map: location of the Netherlands. | Pg 18-19 | |||
5 | 1-2 | Land reclamation in the Netherlands. | Highlight features of Delta Plan project. State the benefits of the Delta Plan project. | Expository approach & case studies on Delta Plan project. Brief discussion on benefits of the project; Topic review questions.
| Pg 20-21 | |||
5 | 3 | FISHINGFactors influencing fishing.
| Define the terms fishing and fish-farming. Outline factors influencing fishing.
| Q/A and brief discussion on influence of presence of planktons, ocean currents, nature of coastline, capital, market and transport. Assignment.
| Map- ocean currents of Africa. | Pg 22-23 | ||
4,5 | Types of fish& Methods of fishing.
| Identify types of fish. Outline methods of fishing. State advantages & disadvantages of specific methods of fishing.
| Teacher exposes and explains new concepts related to types of fish and fishing methods. Probing questions on advantages & disadvantages of each method.
| Pg 25-28 | ||||
6 | 1 | Major fishing grounds in the world. – Atlantic fishing grounds.
| Account for the extensive and highly developed fish farming in the Atlantic fishing grounds.
| Discussion on Atlantic fishing grounds.
| Illustrative maps. | Pg 28-32 | ||
2-3 | – Pacific fishing grounds. | Account for the extensive and highly developed fish farming in the Pacific fishing grounds.
| Discussion on Atlantic fishing grounds; N.E. Asia, West America.
| Illustrative maps. | Pg 32-33 | |||
4 | Fishing grounds in Africa. | Identify major fishing grounds in Africa. | Descriptive approach.
Assignment method. | Illustrative maps – fishing grounds in Africa.
| Pg 33-35 | |||
5 | Fishing in Kenya. | Describe marine fishing and inland fishing in Kenya.
| Q/A & brief discussion.
Superficial case studies.
| Map: drainage system in Kenya. | Pg 35-38.
| |||
7 | 1-2 | Fish farming in Kenya. | Cite significance of fish farming in Kenya and reasons why it should be encouraged. State advantages & disadvantages of fish farming compared to other farming methods. Describe establishment of fish farming in Kenya.
| Brain storming,
Brief discussion. | Pg 38-40 | |||
3 | Problems associated with fishing industry in Kenya. | Identify problems associated with fishing industry. Suggest possible solutions to the problems. | Brain storming,
Brief discussion. | Pg 44-47 | ||||
4,5 | TEST & MID –TERM BREAK | |||||||
8 | 1 | Management and conservation of fisheries in Kenya. | Outline some measures involved in the management and conservation of fisheries in Kenya. | Brief discussion on management and conservation measures.
| ||||
2 | Fishing in Tanzania. | Describe marine fishing and inland fishing in Tanzania.
| Q/A & brief discussion.
Superficial case studies. | Map: drainage system in Tanzania. | Pg 40-41 | |||
3 | Fishing in Uganda. | Describe marine fishing and inland fishing in Uganda.
| Q/A & brief discussion.
Superficial case studies. | Map: drainage systems in Uganda. | Pg 41-43 | |||
4-5 | Fishing in Japan. | Account for establishment and development of fishing in Japan. | Case study. | Map showing location of Japan. | Pg 47-48 | |||
9 | 1 | WILDLIFE AND TOURISM
Distribution of wildlife in East Africa.
|
Explain the factors influencing distribution of wildlife in East Africa.
|
Detailed discussion.
Q/A and brief discussion. |
Map: distribution of major game parks in East Africa. |
Pg 50-52 | ||
2 | Game Parks in East Africa. | Identify major national parks, national reserves and game sanctuaries in East Africa. | Locating Game Parks in East Africa on the map; Discuss distribution of the Game Parks.
| Pg 52-53 | ||||
3 | Significance and problems facing Wildlife in East Africa.
| Outline the significance of wildlife in East Africa. Outline problems facing wildlife in East Africa. Suggest possible solutions to the problems.
| Oral questions; Explanations and open discussion. | Pg 54-57 | ||||
4-5 | Management and conservation of wildlife in East Africa.
| Highlight some of the measures being taken to conserve wildlife in East Africa. | Probing questions & discussion. | Newspaper cuttings. | Pg 57-59 | |||
10 | 1 | Tourism:Introduction.
Factors of tourism in Kenya. | Define the terms tourism, eco-tourism, domestic tourism and international tourism. Explain factors influencing tourism in Kenya.
| Probing questions; Exposition of new terms.
Detailed discussion. | Pg 59-64 | |||
2 | Tourist attractions in Kenya. | Identify tourist attractions in Kenya. | Give specific examples of tourist attractions. | Pg 64-69 | ||||
3
4 | Significance of tourism. Problems associated with tourism. | Outline benefits of tourism to Kenya.
Identify problems associated with tourism. | Give specific examples of tourism benefits. Give specific examples of problems associated with tourism. | Newspaper extracts. | Pg 69-73 | |||
5 | Tourism in Switzerland. | Account for development of tourism industry in Switzerland. | Superficial case study. | Map: location of Switzerland. | Pg 71 | |||
11 | 1 | ENERGY
Renewable sources of energy.
|
Identify renewable sources of energy.
|
Probing questions;
Brief discussion. | Pg 75-80 | |||
2 | Non- renewable sources of energy | Identify non- renewable sources of energy. | Brain storming;
Brief discussion. | Pg 80-82 | ||||
3-4 | H.E.P. stations & geothermal stations in Kenya.
| Describe establishment and development of H.E.P. & geothermal stations in Kenya.
| Brain storming;
Brief discussion.
| Map: HEP stations in Kenya. | Pg 83-85 | |||
5 | H.E.P. stations in Uganda.
| Describe establishment and development of H.E.P. stations in Uganda.
| Brief discussion.
| Map: HEP stations in Kenya. | Pg 85-86 | |||
12-13 | END OF TERM ONE EXAMINATIONS | |||||||
| SCHEME OF WORK FORM FOUR GEOGRAPHY TERM ONE 2011 | ||||||||
WKNO. | L/NO. | TOPIC/SUBTOPIC | LESSON / SPECIFICOBJECTIVES | TEACHING / LEARNINGACTIVITIES | MATERIALS / RESOURCES | REF. | REM. | |
1 | 1 | Geothermal power projects in Africa. | Identify major geothermal power sites in Africa. | Brief case study on Kariba and Akosombo dams.
| Map- HEP power projects in Africa. | Pg 86-87 | ||
2 | Energy crisis. | Explain some emerging issues related to energy crisis.
| Brief discussion & probing questions.
| Pg 89-90 | ||||
3-4 | Management and conservation of energy. | Outline measures taken to manage and conserve energy. | Brief discussion with probing questions. Review questions. | Pg 91 | ||||
5 | INDUSTRY
Introduction. Definition and importance. |
Define the terms industry and industrialization. Give reasons why industrialization is essential.
|
Brain storming;
Discussion. |
Pg 93-97 | ||||
2 | 1 | Types of industries. | Describe the main types of industries in Kenya. | Give examples of each type | Pg 98-102 | |||
2 | Jua kali industries. | Explain the role of jua kali industries in the growth of an economy. | Oral questions, brief discussion. | 103- 107 | ||||
3-4 | Distribution of Agricultural industries in Kenya. | Describe the distribution of Agricultural industries in Kenya. | Cite specific examples and the materials dealt in. | |||||
5 | Distribution of non-agricultural industries in Kenya.
| Describe the distribution of non-agricultural industries in Kenya. | Cite specific examples and the materials dealt in. | |||||
3 | 1,2 | Significance of industrialization in Kenya. | Highlight the significance of industrialization in Kenya. | Oral questions, brief discussion. | ||||
3,4 | Problems facing industrialization & industries in Kenya. | Identify problems facing industrialization & industries in Kenya. Suggest possible solutions to the problems.
| Q/A & brief discussion. | Pg 104-5 | ||||
51,2 | Cottage industry in India.
Iron & steel industry in the Ruhr region. | Describe cottage industry in India. Explain the success of cottage industry in India. Explain factors that have led to development of iron & steel industry in the Ruhr region of Germany.
| Brief discussion.
Give examples of activities in Cottage industry.
Expository approach with specific examples. | Map: industrial centers of India & Germany. | Pg 104-7
Pg 113 | |||
4 | ||||||||
3,4
5 | Car manufacturing &Electronics industry in Japan. | Explain factors that have led to development of car manufacturing & electronics industry in Japan.
| Expository approach with specific examples. | Maps: Japan’s major industrial centres. | Pg 116-118 | |||
5 | 1-2 | TRANSPORT & COMMU.NICA-TION.Introduction.
Road transport. |
Define the terms transport, communication & tele-communication. State advantages & disadvantages of road transport. Identify problems facing road transport. Suggest ways of combating these problems.
|
Brainstorming, brief discussion;
|
Pg 120-21 | |||
3 | Railway transport. | State advantages & disadvantages of railway transport. Identify problems facing railway transport in Africa.
| Oral questions, brief discussion. | Pg 121-2 | ||||
4 | Water transport. | Cite reasons for development of water transport in Africa. State advantages & disadvantages of water transport. Identify problems facing water transport in Africa.
| Q/A ,brief discussion. | Pg 123-4 | ||||
5 | Air transport. | Cite reasons for development of air transport in Africa. State advantages & disadvantages of air transport. Identify problems facing air transport in Africa.
| Q/A, brief discussion. | Maps: major airports in Africa. | Pg 124 -5 | |||
6 | 1 | C.A.T. & MID –TERM BREAK | ||||||
2 | Pipelines, lifts & escalators. | State advantages & disadvantages of pipelines, lifts & escalators.
| Brief discussion, Q/A. | Pg 126 | ||||
3 | Types of communication systems. | Identify types of communication systems in Africa. | Q/A, discussion & exposition of new concepts e.g. Facsimile, internet and e-mail.
| Pg 127-8 | ||||
4 | Major lines of transport in Africa. | Identify major lines of transport in Africa. | Locate major roads, railway lines, airlines and waterways on a map. | Illustrative maps. | Pg 129 | |||
5 | Role of transport& communication. | Explain the role of transport & communication in the economic development of Africa.
| Brainstorming, probing questions & discussion. | Pg 134-8 | ||||
7 | 1 | Problems facing transport and communication in Africa. | Identify major problems facing transport and communication in Africa. Highlight efforts being made to combat these problems.
| Probing questions & discussion. | 136-7 | |||
| 2,3 | Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway. | Identify the Great Lakes of North America. List down aims of St. Lawrence Seaway project.
| Brief case study on of St. Lawrence Seaway project.
| Map: Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway. | Pg 140-1 | |||
| 4-5 | Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway. | Enumerate benefits of the project. Identify the role of the projects in the economies of USA and Canada. | Brief case study on of St. Lawrence Seaway project.
| Pg 140-1 | ||||
8 | 1 | TRADETypes of trade. | Identify and describe types of trade. | Brainstorming, probing questions and discussion on types of trade. | Pg 143-5 | |||
2 | Factors influencing trade. | Identify factors that make trade possible. | Q/A & Discussion. | Pg 146-7 | ||||
3 | Significance of trade to Kenya.
Problems facing trade in Kenya. | Explain the significance of trade to Kenya.
Identify major problems facing trade in Kenya. | Oral questions, brief discussion. | Balance of trade charts. | Pg 149-152 | |||
4-5 | Regional Trade Blocs. | Describe establishment of regional trade blocs. Identify member countries of Regional Trade Blocs. Highlight benefits of Regional Trade Blocs. Identify problems facing Regional Trade Blocs. | Descriptive approach on COMESA, SADC, and AU.
Assignment. | Pg 154-6 | ||||
9 | 1-2 | Regional Trade Blocs. (contd) | Describe establishment of regional trade blocs. Identify member countries of Regional Trade Blocs. Highlight benefits of Regional Trade Blocs. Identify problems facing Regional Trade Blocs. | Descriptive approach of discussing WTO, ECOWAS, AGOA | Pg 146 – 8 | |||
3 | POPULATIONPopulation distribution in East Africa. | Define the term demography. Explain factors influencing population distribution in East Africa. | Brain storming. & discussion. | Pg 162-165 | ||||
4 | Population growth. | Explain factors that influence population growth. | Exposition and explanation of new terms e.g. fertility, fecundity, mortality, milieu variables, e.t.c
| Pg 165-6 | ||||
5 | Tools of detecting population growth.
| Identify tools of detecting population growth. | Brief discussion on census and sample surveys. | Pg 166-8 | ||||
10 | 1 | Migration. | Identify causes of migration. Identify types of migration.
| Q/A & discussion. | Pg 168-9 | |||
2 | Crude birth rate & crude death rate. | Define the terms crude birth rate & crude death rate. Calculate crude birth rate & crude death rate. | Exposition of new concepts; Worked examples; Problem solving.
| Pg 172-3 | ||||
10 | 3-4 | Population trends. | Explain the population transition theory. Identify the four demographic transition phases. | Probing questions & expository approach: Teacher exposes and explains the new concepts relating to demographic trends.
| Chart: demographic trends. | Pg 173-4 | ||
5 | Slow population growth rate. | Identify factors leading to slow population growth rate. Highlight problems associated with slow population growth rate. | Q/A, brief discussion on effects of famine, epidemics, FP practices, emigration, etc.
| Pg 175-6 | ||||
11 | 1 | Population growth in Kenya. | Explain factors influencing Kenya’s rapid population growth rate. | Examine actual population growth figures. Discussion and questioning.
| Pg 176-9 | |||
2-3 | Population structure in Kenya. | Describe structure of Kenya’s population. | Examine population pyramids; Discuss observations. | Pg 178-9 | ||||
4 | Consequences of Kenya’s rapid population growth rate.
| Explain the socio-economic consequences of Kenya’s rapid population growth rate. | Probing questions, open discussion. | Population census results/ population fact file. | Pg 180-3 | |||
5 | Distribution of population in Sweden. | Identify factors influencing distribution of population in Sweden. Highlight factors contributing to slow growth population rate in Sweden.
| Discussion: comparative view on Kenya’s and Sweden’s populations.
Assignment. | Pg 184-5 | ||||
12-13 | END OF TERM TWO ASSESSMENT TEST | |||||||
| SCHEME OF WORK FORM FOUR GEOGRAPHY TERM ONE 2011 | ||||||||
L/NO. | TOPIC/SUBTOPIC | LESSON / SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES | TEACHING / LEARNINGACTIVITIES | MATERIALS / RESOURCES | REF. | REM. | ||
1 | 1 | SETTLEMENT
Types of settlements. |
Define the term settlement. State types of settlements. |
Probing questions; discussion. | Pg 186-7 | |||
2 | Location and patterns of settlements. | Explain factors influencing location and patterns of settlements. | Q/A & discussion on geographical, economical factors, cultural factors etc. | Pg 187-191 | ||||
3-4 | Patterns of settlement. | Identify various patterns of settlement. | Exposition & explanations on: nucleated, linear, dispersed and other complex settlement patterns.
| Pg 191-2 | ||||
5 | Major urban centres in East Africa. | Identify categories of urban centres in East Africa; and give examples in each case.
| Brief discussion giving specific examples. | Map: major East Africa urban centers. | Pg 193-4 | |||
2 | 1 | Growth of major urban centers in East Africa. | Explain factors influencing growth of major urban centers in East Africa.
| Brief discussion. | Pg 195-6 | |||
2 | Thika as an industrial centre.Kisumu as a lake port. | Outline factors favouring growth of Thika as an industrial centre. Identify problems facing Thika as an industrial centre.
Outline factors favouring Kisumu as a lake port. Identify problems facing Kisumu as a modern lake port.
| Case studies. | Pg 198-9 | ||||
3 | Eldoret as an agricultural collecting centre and administrative centre. | Outline factors favouring Eldoret as an agricultural collecting centre and administrative centre.
Identify problems facing Eldoret as an agricultural collecting centre and administrative centre.
| Q/A; Case study; Assignment. | Pg 200-1 | ||||
4-5 | Nairobi City. | Trace the growth of Nairobi to city status. Outline factors favouring growth of Nairobi. Identify problems facing Nairobi as a city.
| Probing questions & brief discussion. Case study. | Pg 201-4 | ||||
3 | 1 | New York City. | Outline factors influencing growth of New York city. Identify problems facing New York City.
| Probing questions & brief discussion. Case study. | Pg 204-7 | |||
3 | 2-3 | Mombasa. | Trace history and growth of Mombasa. Outline factors influencing growth of Mombasa. Identify problems faced by Mombasa as a city.
| Exposition, explanations and discussion. | Pg 207-211 | |||
4 | Rotterdam. | Identify factors leading to growth of Rotterdam to an international port.
| Exposition & explanations. | Pg 211-2 | ||||
5 | Effects of urbanization. | Outline effects of urbanization. | Brain storming; Discussion. | 212-5 | ||||
4 | 1 | MANAGEMENT& CONSERVA-TION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Introduction. Environmental conservation. |
Define the terms environment, social environment, ecosystem, biodiversity, and environmental management. Give reasons for conserving the environment
|
Probing questions, exposition of new concepts & explanations. |
Pg 216-8 | |||
2 | Specific environmental hazards. | Describe some methods of combating floods, lightning, windstorms, pests and diseases. | Q/A, discussion, exposition of new concepts. | Pg 224-230 | ||||
3-4 | Pollution. | Describe air pollution, water pollution and sound & land pollution. Explain ways of combating pollution. | Examples of gases / activities leading to pollution; Discussion. | Pg 230-235 | ||||
5 | Environmental conservation measures in Kenya. | Outline measures carried out to manage and conserve the environment. | Q/A, brief discussion on public awareness, public education, legislation, the Water Act, and other Acts etc.
| Pg 236-240 | ||||
MOCK K.C.S.E / REVISION | ||||||||
K.C.S.E. | ||||||||